Crack-free in situ heat-treated high-alloy tool steel processed via laser powder bed fusion: microstructure and mechanical properties

Bergmueller, Simon; Kaserer, Lukas; Fuchs, Lorenz; Braun, J.; Weinberger, Nikolaus; Letofsky-Papst, Ilse; Leichtfried, Gerhard

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10171

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In particular, the size of the carbides at the PM23 powder's prior particle boundaries (PPBs) was larger than the carbides precipitated in the PM23 powder particles. Other empirical studies on forged H13 and PM23 independently verified these findings [4,[27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Surface Roughness Density and Microstructurementioning

confidence: 72%

Hot Work Mold Repaired via Hot Isostatic Pressing towards High Red Hardness

Ge,

Ma,

Chen

et al. 2023

Metals

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Repairing hot work molds can extend their lifespans and reduce the production costs. This study presents a proposed method for enhancing the red hardness and strength of repaired molds. The method involves utilizing PM23 high-speed steel powder to repair H13 steel molds with two distinct surface states through the process of hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The internal microstructure changes, bonding state, fracture morphology, and crack extension behaviors of the repaired molds are characterized using scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction technology. Additionally, the mechanical properties, including red hardness and tensile strength, are quantitatively analyzed. The findings indicate that the repaired area in the sandblasted sample exhibits a rough and uneven structure, demonstrating exceptional toughness. The tensile strength of the repaired region is approximately 1195.42 MPa, while the hardness measures around 672.8 HV. These properties effectively enhance the performance of the molds. The experimental findings indicate that HIP can effectively restore molds, resulting in enhanced red hardness and improved toughness, particularly when combined with sandblasting as a pretreatment method.

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Section: Surface Roughness Density and Microstructurementioning

confidence: 72%

Hot Work Mold Repaired via Hot Isostatic Pressing towards High Red Hardness

Ge,

Ma,

Chen

et al. 2023

Metals

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“…The variety of cutting tools used in industry need to fulfill high requirements for hardness, toughness, wear resistance and exposure to elevated temperatures. High-speed steels (HSSs) meet all these requirements since they exhibit high hardness, bending strength and grindability [1]. These steels are Fe-C type with additions of Cr, W, Mo, V and Co, while they can be quenched with air cooling from austenization temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-alloy tool steels such as HSS-Co PM are considered nonweldable and prone to fracture. Therefore, processing them with additive manufacturing (AM) technologies is still a challenge because of their low repeatability [1]. The use of AM to repair a tool can lead to an anisotropy of the resultative microstructure and cause different properties of the deposited structure in relation to the substrate [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processability of High-Speed Steel by Coaxial Laser Wire Deposition Technology for Additive Remanufacturing of Cutting Tool

Koruba,

Kędzia,

Dziedzic

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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The recently introduced Coaxial Laser Wire Deposition technology can become a new promising method for remanufacturing high-complexity and expensive cutting tools (e.g., flat broach), which will have a significant impact on their service life. In addition, it is an innovative approach to tool management. An analysis of the feasibility of processing cobalt-added HSS powder steels was carried out for single clads and multilayer structures. The effect of process parameters (laser, beam power, travel speed, wire feed rate) on geometric properties, hardness and microstructure was discussed. In order to avoid cracking during multilayer deposition, an additional preheating to 320 °C was applied. Two sets of process parameters with high and low heat input were obtained. Both sets lead to crack-free structures that fulfill geometric (≥2.5 mm in height) and hardness (≥700 HV) requirements.

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