Crack Growth Behavior in a Residual Stress Field for Vessel Type Structures

Dong, Ping; Rawls, George B.

doi:10.1115/pvp2003-2046

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In general, the yield stress of the filler material is higher than that of the base metal. Therefore, the yield stress of the filler metal is set to 1.48 times that of the base metal [13]. The Temperature dependent mechanical properties are plotted in Figures 8 to 10.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel Weldments

Lam

Cheng

Chao

et al. 2005

Volume 6: Materials and Fabrication

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An experiment was conducted to investigate the role of weld residual stress on stress corrosion cracking in welded carbon steel plates prototypic to those used for nuclear waste storage tanks. Carbon steel specimen plates were butt-joined with Gas Metal Arc Welding technique. Initial cracks (seed cracks) were machined across the weld and in the heat affected zone. These specimen plates were then submerged in a simulated high level radioactive waste chemistry environment. Stress corrosion cracking occurred in the aswelded plate but not in the stress-relieved duplicate. A detailed finite element analysis to simulate exactly the welding process was carried out, and the resulting temperature history was used to calculate the residual stress distribution in the plate for characterizing the observed stress corrosion cracking. It was shown that the cracking can be predicted for the through-thickness cracks perpendicular to the weld by comparing the experimental K ISCC to the calculated stress intensity factors due to the welding residual stress. The predicted crack lengths agree reasonably well with the test data. The final crack lengths appear to be dependent on the details of welding and the sequence of machining the seed cracks, consistent with the prediction.Keywords: GMAW, SCC, IGSCC, finite element analysis, welding simulation, residual stress, stress intensity factor, K ISCC . INTRODUCTIONA285 carbon steel has been used to construct high level nuclear waste storage tanks. The steel plates were joined by Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). It was found that the weldments are susceptible to intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) in a region spanning the weld. The cause of cracking is attributed to nitrate stress corrosion cracking driven by the residual stress due to the welding of the large plates during construction. The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) has occurred in or near the welds of some storage tanks containing a corrosive chemistry, and that were non-stress relieved. This degradation phenomenon has been investigated by experimentation to provide information on crack formation in welded plates, prototypic to tank construction.The SCC experiment used two 30.5 cm x 30.5 cm (1 ft. x 1 ft.) welded plates following the carbon steel tank fabrication procedure used in 1950's. The corners of the plates were constrained during welding to simulate the large plate welding in the tank construction. Seed cracks were fabricated across and parallel to the weld using electric discharge machining (EDM). One of the plates was stress relieved and the other was as-welded. These test specimens were submerged in 5 molar (5M) sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ) solution at about 90 °C up to 10 weeks. Periodic inspections were performed. It is found that the as-welded plate exhibited cracking within two weeks of exposure, and the stress-relieved plate remained intact. This test has successfully demonstrated that the SCC can indeed occur in non-stress relieved A285 tanks, and the stress relief procedure that was implemented for l...

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Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following a previous work involving the welding of the same materials [13], the mechanical properties for both the base metal (A285 carbon steel) and the weld filler material (E6010) are assumed to be identical, except the yield stresses. In general, the yield stress of the filler material is higher than that of the base metal.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel Weldments

Lam

Cheng

Chao

et al. 2005

Volume 6: Materials and Fabrication

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Effects of Distance from Center of a Weld to Fixed End on Residual Stress and Stress Intensity Factor of a Piping Weld-Evaluation of SCC Growth under Residual Stress Field (Report 1)-

Miyazaki¹,

Numata²,

Saito³

et al. 2006

QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY

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The fixed conditions of butt welds between straight pipe and valve or pump in the actual piping system are different from those of straight pipes. However, the effect of fixed condition on the residual stress and the stress intensity factor for evaluation of structural integrity of cracked piping was not clear. In this study, the finite element analyses were conducted by considering the differences in the distance from the center of weld to the fixed end L to clarify the effect of fixed condition on the residual stress and the stress intensity factor. For the 600A piping, the axial residual stress distribution was not affected by the distance L. Furthermore, the stress intensity factor of circumferential crack under the residual stress field with fixed condition could be estimated by using the existing simplified solution for piping.

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Effects of Residual Stress Distribution and Geometry of Components on Stress Intensity Factor and Crack Growth Behavior of Surface Crack-Evaluation of SCC Growth under Residual Stress Field (Report 2)-

Miyazaki¹,

Mochizuki²

2006

QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY

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Stress intensity factor estimated by using an appropriate modeling of components is essential for evaluation of crack growth behavior in stress corrosion cracking. For the appropriate modeling of welded components with a surface crack, it is important to understand the effects of residual stress distribution and the geometry of component on the stress intensity factor of the crack. In this study, stress intensity factors of surface crack under two assumed residual stress fields were calculated. As the residual stress fields, bending type stress field (tension-compression) and self-equilibrating stress field (tension-compression-tension) through the thickness were assumed. The geometries of welded components were set to plate and piping. The assumed surface cracks for evaluations were long crack in the surface direction and semi-elliptical surface crack. Furthermore, the crack growth evaluations were conducted to understand the effects of residual stress distribution and the geometry of component. From the comparison of stress intensity factors and crack growth evaluation for surface crack under residual stress fields, the effects of residual stress distribution and the geometry of component on the stress intensity factor of surface crack and on the appropriate modeling of cracked components were discussed.

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Crack Growth Behavior in a Residual Stress Field for Vessel Type Structures

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel Weldments

Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel Weldments

Effects of Distance from Center of a Weld to Fixed End on Residual Stress and Stress Intensity Factor of a Piping Weld-Evaluation of SCC Growth under Residual Stress Field (Report 1)-

Effects of Residual Stress Distribution and Geometry of Components on Stress Intensity Factor and Crack Growth Behavior of Surface Crack-Evaluation of SCC Growth under Residual Stress Field (Report 2)-

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