“…Surface measurements on the vessel showed the notch opening from its original width of 3 mm to about 3.6 mm in the incubation time of 700 h [2]. For the purposes of this sensitivity analysis, no allowance is made for rotation of the crack surfaces and the surface value is assumed equal to the notch root opening.…”
Section: Comparison With Experimental Results and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The vessel was a plain cylinder of normalised and tempered 1/2CrMoV steel tested under constant internal pressure at 565°C [2]. The pipe contained several fully circumferential external defects.…”
Section: Operating Conditions and Nature Of The Defectmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The reference stress has been evaluated above. Then R is obtained from equations (l), (2) and (3) as…”
Section: Determine Incubation Time Timentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Validation of the procedure by comparison of the method with experimental results on small test specimens was presented in an Appendix to the document. In this note, the application of the procedure to components is demonstrated by assessing a large pressure vessel test [2]. The assessment is presented as a worked example with details of all calculations included and, in addition, comments are made on the validity of the approach by comparing the assessment predictions with the pressure vessel experimental observations.…”
A worked example is presented to illustrate the application of a CEGB procedure for the assessment of defects in plant that operates within the creep range. The example chosen is a large cylindrical pressure vessel with a fully circumferential crack for which experimental results are available. The example demonstrates that it is straightforward to perform the calculations required in the procedure for the time for structural failure by continuum damage mechanisms, the time for crack incubation and the time for crack growth. It is predicted that crack incubation in the pressure vessel occurs at about one-third of life with the remaining life being taken up by crack growth. The predictions are in close agreement with the experimentally observed incubation, growth and final failure times.
“…Surface measurements on the vessel showed the notch opening from its original width of 3 mm to about 3.6 mm in the incubation time of 700 h [2]. For the purposes of this sensitivity analysis, no allowance is made for rotation of the crack surfaces and the surface value is assumed equal to the notch root opening.…”
Section: Comparison With Experimental Results and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The vessel was a plain cylinder of normalised and tempered 1/2CrMoV steel tested under constant internal pressure at 565°C [2]. The pipe contained several fully circumferential external defects.…”
Section: Operating Conditions and Nature Of The Defectmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The reference stress has been evaluated above. Then R is obtained from equations (l), (2) and (3) as…”
Section: Determine Incubation Time Timentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Validation of the procedure by comparison of the method with experimental results on small test specimens was presented in an Appendix to the document. In this note, the application of the procedure to components is demonstrated by assessing a large pressure vessel test [2]. The assessment is presented as a worked example with details of all calculations included and, in addition, comments are made on the validity of the approach by comparing the assessment predictions with the pressure vessel experimental observations.…”
A worked example is presented to illustrate the application of a CEGB procedure for the assessment of defects in plant that operates within the creep range. The example chosen is a large cylindrical pressure vessel with a fully circumferential crack for which experimental results are available. The example demonstrates that it is straightforward to perform the calculations required in the procedure for the time for structural failure by continuum damage mechanisms, the time for crack incubation and the time for crack growth. It is predicted that crack incubation in the pressure vessel occurs at about one-third of life with the remaining life being taken up by crack growth. The predictions are in close agreement with the experimentally observed incubation, growth and final failure times.
PAGE-3. .SUhQURY AND REVIEW OF FRACTURE MECHANICS METHODOLOGY. FOR \ PIPING' APPLICATION ' 3.1 Subcritical Crack l~rowth 3.2 Time Dependent Crack Growth 3.3 Life Prediction Methods in Industrial Use 4. CONCLUSION, ASSESSMENT OF SURVEY AND OUTLINE OF FUTURE WORK 4.1 Application to Shell Problems 4.2 The part-~hrough' Crack Problem 4.3 Leak-Before-Break 4.4 The General Yield FractureILimit Load 4.5 The Triaxial Constraint Problem 4.6 Fatigue Crack Propagation 4.7 The Non-Linear Problem 4.8 Conclusion * An additional problem area is the treatment of the differences between the fracture test specimen and actual component conditions. Cracks in an operating C. piping system by definition are surface cracks or part-thru crack types. The loading conditions in general induce non-axisymmetric stress conditions at the crack tip
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