“…Theoretical studies related to cracking processes can be broadly classified into three categories, namely, development and verification of crack initiation criteria, studies based on analytical methods, and studies based on numerical methods. Most of the studies of crack initiation criteria focus on criteria based on Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) (Griffith, 1920;Hoelzer et al, 1986;Irwin et al, 1968;Lajtai et al, 1990;Maiti and Smith, 1984;McMillan and Pelloux, 1970;Palmer et al, 1974;Rossmanith, 1983;Sommer and Soltész, 1971;Sullivan and Crooker, 1977;Wang and Shrive, 1995;Wells, 1969) and criteria based on the Materials Strength (MS) (Atkinson, 1987). Compared with the MS criteria, the LEFM criteria have the advantage and capability of predicting the length of crack propagation (Atkinson, 1987).…”