Cranial Nerve X and XII Paralysis (Tapia's Syndrome) after an Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block for a Left Shoulder Mumford Procedure 

High-Resolution Ultrasound-Guided High Interscalene Plexus Block for Carotid Endarterectomy

“…Such complications may be more likely in anatomic regions with close proximity to nerves with multiple organs or high vascularity, such as the neck region. Consequently, puncture-related complications, such as respiratory failure caused by brain-stem anesthesia, 4,5 , laryngeal 6 or phrenic nerve palsy, 7,8 nerve injury, 9 or accidental intravascular injection of local anesthetic (LA) 10 have been reported in nerve blocks of the neck region.…”

Cranial nerve XII (hypoglossal nerve) palsy after arthroscopic shoulder surgery under general anesthesia combined with sono-guided interscalene brachial plexus block -A case report-

“…Johnson and Moore [11] reported a case of cranial nerve X and XII paralysis after an interscalene BPB for shoulder surgery. Also, Bharati et al [12] experienced a case of paralysis of hypoglossal nerve following interscalene BPB.…”

Isolated contralateral glossopharyngeal and vagal nerve palsy after arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery: a case report

“…1,6 There is little in the literature about isolated glossopharyngeal and vagal palsies, and nothing documented to date in association with an orthopedic operation. Shoulder surgeons over the years have come to appreciate the importance of patient position in arthroscopy, not only for operative ease but also with respect to risk of neural injuries, mostly of the brachial plexus or nerves of forearm from traction and anatomic distortion.…”