Craniofacial and occlusal development in 2.5-year-old children with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

Markkanen, Saara; Niemi, Pekka; Rautiainen, Markus; Saarenpää‐Heikkilä, Outi; Himanen, Sari-Leena; Peltomäki, Timo

doi:10.1093/ejo/cjz009

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…They were evaluated against 36 control patients with low risk for having sleep problems. Results showed significantly worsened oral health in children with OSA compared to the control group (18). Cases of dental caries are more frequent (15,2 versus 3,2; р < 0,001) and periodontitis (with bleeding on probing index of 87% versus 30%; р < 0,001 and more sites with abnormally deep periodontal probing depths -2,7 versus 0,3; р < 0,001…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Applications of Polysomnography and Apneagraph in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Matev

2019

International Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology

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Polysomnography is a golden standard in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). During the recent several years, numerous investigations devoted to the diagnostic value of this complex method in children and adults presenting with OSA and snoring have emerged. The publications proving the effective applicability of polysomnography in dental medicine and, especially, in orthodontics, are of undoubted interest. Apnea Graph is a modern tool for sleep analysis in ambulatory setting. By using this method, the localization of airway obstruction during snoring and OSA as the type of sleep apnea as obstructive or central can be defined. Apnea Graph is applied not only alone but also following polysomnography and in combination with other clinical and apparatus diagnostic methods. It is of particular value in screening investigations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Applications of Polysomnography and Apneagraph in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Matev

2019

International Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology

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“…Mouth-breathing children have a significant decrease in tongue pressure ( 24 , 25 ). Children with mouth breathing resulting from upper airway obstruction tend to have a downward position of the lingual muscles, which disturbs the balance, contributing to the compression of the upper dentition and constricted maxillary dental arch ( 26 , 27 ), as well as the crossbite of posterior teeth ( 23 ). The mandible has a posterior rotation and the posterior teeth have an excessive eruption.…”

Section: The Impact Of Mouth Breathing On Malocclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of mouth breathing on dentofacial development: A concise review

Lin

Zhao

Qin

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Mouth breathing is one of the most common deleterious oral habits in children. It often results from upper airway obstruction, making the air enter completely or partially through oral cavity. In addition to nasal obstruction caused by various kinds of nasal diseases, the pathological hypertrophy of adenoids and/or tonsils is often the main etiologic factor of mouth breathing in children. Uncorrected mouth breathing can result in abnormal dental and maxillofacial development and affect the health of dentofacial system. Mouth breathers may present various types of growth patterns and malocclusion, depending on the exact etiology of mouth breathing. Furthermore, breathing through the oral cavity can negatively affect oral health, increasing the risk of caries and periodontal diseases. This review aims to provide a summary of recent publications with regard to the impact of mouth breathing on dentofacial development, describe their consistencies and differences, and briefly discuss potential reasons behind inconsistent findings.

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“…Both the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children is often delayed due to the high prevalence, in addition to limited diagnostic tests [8] . Sleep apnea is related to craniofacial anatomy that is associated with several oral manifestations such as tonsillar hypertrophy, narrow dentoalveolar width, increased horizontal overbite, reduced vertical overbite and malocclusion, which result in a series of changes in craniofacial or occlusal development, as well as triggering a tendency to breathe through the mouth [9,10,11] . Children with this sleep disorder may present problems in the school years such as insomnia, which tend to aggravate their mood and decrease their ability to pay attention [12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstructive sleep apnea in pediatric patients

Ojeda¹,

Fierro²,

Rodriguez³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Appl. Dent. Sci.

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Obstructive sleep apnea is a highly prevalent disorder in children manifested as an obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. Objective:To analyze in the literature the etiology, diagnosis, risk factors and treatment of the systemic illness. Methodology: Articles found at PubMed, SCOPUS and Google scholar were analyzed, with an emphasis on the last 5 years. Articles were evaluated with the PRISMA and AMSTAR guidelines. The search was carried out using the words "sleep apnea" related with "tonsillar hypertrophy", "sleep", "upper airway", "obstruction". Results: Etiology: It's a multifactorial disease, mainly caused by an obstacle in upper airway due to tonsillar hypertrophy. Diagnosis: Performed with clinical or instrumental examinations, overnight polysomnography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of this disorder. Risk factors: Tonsillar hypertrophy, iron deficiency, disturbances in craniofacial growth and childhood obesity. Treatment: It can be performed surgically or non-surgically and can be supported by orthodontic treatments. Conclusion:Obstructive sleep apnea is a common respiratory disorder in children, usually caused by tonsillar hypertrophy, it can be diagnosed by clinical or instrumental examinations. It is related to risk factors such as childhood obesity, and the treatment can be surgical or non-surgical.

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Craniofacial and occlusal development in 2.5-year-old children with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Applications of Polysomnography and Apneagraph in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Applications of Polysomnography and Apneagraph in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

The impact of mouth breathing on dentofacial development: A concise review

Obstructive sleep apnea in pediatric patients

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