Craniofacial skeletal and soft tissue morphology in Icelandic adults

Johannsdottir, Berglind

doi:10.1093/ejo/26.3.245

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Subjects reported no history of swallowing, neurological, craniofacial, or musculoskeletal disorders. Sex and racial differences in craniometric measures, vocal tract dimensions, and levator muscle morphology have been reported (e.g., Chung et al, 1985; Chung et al, 1986; Yuen et al, 1989; Liu et al, 2000; Simpson, 2001; Ettema et al, 2002; Johannsdottir et al, 2004; Yeong and Huggare, 2004). These reported hard tissue variations indicate that further soft tissue variations may result from using diverse races, particularly in the area of the velopharyngeal mechanism.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Normative data is essential to understanding the complexity of abnormal anatomy, such as that in children born with cleft palate. Numerous studies have demonstrated the impact of race, sex, and age on the bony craniofacial and velopharyngeal structures (e.g., Chung et al, 1985; Chung et al, 1986; Yuen et al, 1989; Liu et al, 2000; Simpson, 2001; Ettema et al, 2002; Johannsdottir et al, 2004; Yeong and Huggare, 2004). Because the velopharyngeal musculature is attached to these bony structures, it is reasonable to assume that significant differences exist as a function of age, race, and sex.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sexual Dimorphism of the Levator Veli Palatini Muscle: An Imaging Study

Perry

Kuehn

Sutton

et al. 2014

The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal

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Objective Magnetic resonance imaging studies of the levator veli palatini muscle have used small numbers of subjects and have not consistently controlled for sex, race, or age. The purpose of this study was to conduct a structural assessment using a large homogeneous sample to examine the sex differences in the levator muscle morphology. Methods Thirty white adult subjects (15 men and 15 women) were imaged using a 3 Tesla MRI system. A high-resolution SPACE (sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts using different flip-angle evolution) sequence was used to acquire images of the velopharyngeal anatomy. Levator muscle measurements were obtained. Results Men displayed significantly greater levator extravelar segment length (P = .003), levator intravelar segment muscle length (P < .001), greater distance between levator insertion points (P < .001), and greater angles of origin (P= .008) compared with women. There was no statistically significant variation between men and women in the distance between points of origin at the base of the skull. Conclusions This study provides normative data to improve understanding of levator dysmorphology such as that in cleft palate muscle anatomy. Results of the study demonstrate significant differences between white men and women across several levator muscle measures. Variations in the relative size of the cranium or height of the individual were not proportionate to the variations observed in the levator muscle.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Dimorphism of the Levator Veli Palatini Muscle: An Imaging Study

Perry

Kuehn

Sutton

et al. 2014

The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Subjects reported no history of swallowing, neurological, or musculoskeletal disorders. Sex and/or racial differences in craniometric measures, vocal tract dimensions, and levator muscle morphology have been reported (Chung et al, 1985; Chung et al, 1986; Yuen et al, 1989; Liu et al, 2000; Simpson, 2001; Ettema et al, 2002; Johannsdottir et al, 2004; Yeong and Huggare, 2004). These reported hard tissue variations may result in further soft tissue variations, particularly in the area of the velopharyngeal mechanism.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology of the Levator Veli Palatini Muscle Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Perry

Kuehn

Sutton

2013

The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal

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Background No studies have reported the circumference and diameter of the levator veli palatini muscle at multiple points along its length and from both views (frontal and lateral). The purpose of this study was to provide quantitative data regarding the levator muscle morphology along the length of the muscle using magnetic resonance imaging and advanced three-dimensional computer technology. Methods Ten Caucasian male subjects participated in the study. Subjects were scanned using a Siemens 3 T Trio. Levator muscle measures were obtained using a two-dimensional image plane. A three-dimensional model was used to measure the circumference and muscle diameter (in two directions) at six points along the length of the levator muscle. Results Levator muscle length ranged from 41.67 mm to 52.85 mm across all subjects. Mean extravelar muscle length was 30.55 mm (SD, 2.8 mm) and 30.01 mm (SD, 2.9 mm) for right and left muscles. The mean circumference at the origin was 18.90 mm (SD, 2.6 mm). At the second point, the muscle circumference mean increased slightly (mean, 22.40 mm; SD, 4.9 mm). The means for the remainder of the measures (points 3, 4, 5, and 6) were consistent, showing little to no change. Conclusion Circumference and diameter values were similar to those reported in previous literature. The muscle did diverge at the point where the muscle bundle entered the velum, as it has been previously described. Instead, the muscle diverges near the midline insertion becoming sparser (smaller superior-to-inferior diameter).

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“…30 Debido a ello se han establecido las normas cefalométricas PA para diferentes grupos étnicos y raciales. 26,31,32 En Colombia, el mestizaje ha dificultado la identificación de estos estándares de medición.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Evaluación in Vitro De La Percolación Apical Con La Técnica De Cono Único Taperizado Y Condensación Lateral

et al. 2018

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RESUMENObjetivo: Comparar las medidas cefalométricas posteroanteriores (PA) presentes en una población adulta de padres con hijos con labio y/o paladar hendido (LPH) y de padres con hijos sin hendidura orofacial (HOF). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, se incluyeron 82 padres: 43 padres de niños con LPH no sindrómico y 39 padres de niños sin HOF. Las variables incluidas en este estudio fueron las sociodemográficas y las cefalométricas PA. Se realizó el cálculo de medidas de resumen y para el bivariado se aplicaron la prueba t de Student o el test de rangos de Wilcoxon según la distribución de los datos. Se obtuvieron radiografías PA de los dos grupos con una técnica standard. Luego se les tomaron fotografías con una cámara digital, se exportaron a un computador, con previa calibración y fueron analizadas utilizando el Software Nemoceph. Resultados: Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre padres con y sin labio y/o paladar fisurado en las siguientes variables: Cg-ENA, ENA-Me, Cg-Me, Ag-gA. Igualmente se halló significancia estadística por género frente a la presencia de hijos con o sin HOF en las variables Cg-ENA, ENA-Me, Cg-Me, Ag-gA, Bc-Me. Conclusiones: Algunas medidas cefalométricas posteroanteriores podrían ser diferentes entre la población con y sin LPH, su importancia en el desarrollo de las HOF permitirá evaluar el riesgo de la presencia de esta anomalía en generaciones futuras. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POSTEROANTERIOR CEPHALOMETRIC MEASURES OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH LIP AND/OR CLEFT PALATE AND PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITHOUT OROFACIAL CLEFTING ABSTRACTObjective: To compare the posteroanterior cephalometric measures (PA) present in parents of children with cleft lip and/ or palate and of parents of children without orofacial clefting (HOF). Materials and methods:A descriptive cross-sectional and observational study was done. Eighty two parents were selected: fourteen-three parents of children with non-syndromic LPH and 39 parents of children without HOF. Sociodemographic variables and PA cephalometric measures were included. The statistical analysis plan implied the calculation of summary measures and T student and rank Wilcoxon test were applied. PA x-rays of the two groups were obtained using a standard technique. Photos were taken using a digital camera, which were then exported to a computer previously calibrated and they were analyzed using the Software Nemoceph.Results: There were statistically significant differences between parents with and without orofacial fissures in the following variables: Cg-ENA, ENA-Me, Cg-Me, Ag-GA. Equally, there was statistical significance for gender in the presence of children with or without HOF in the variable Cg-ENA, ENA-Me, Cg-Me, Ag-GA, Bc-Me. Conclusions: Some PA cephalometric cranio-facial measures can be different between population with and without LPH, its importance in the development of the HOF will allow the evaluation of the risk of the presence of this anomaly in future generations.

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Craniofacial skeletal and soft tissue morphology in Icelandic adults

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Sexual Dimorphism of the Levator Veli Palatini Muscle: An Imaging Study

Sexual Dimorphism of the Levator Veli Palatini Muscle: An Imaging Study

Morphology of the Levator Veli Palatini Muscle Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Evaluación in Vitro De La Percolación Apical Con La Técnica De Cono Único Taperizado Y Condensación Lateral

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