Craving modulates attentional bias towards alcohol in severe alcohol use disorder: An eye‐tracking study

Bollen, Zoé; Pabst, Arthur; Masson, Nicolas; Wiers, Reinout W.; Field, Matt; Maurage, Pierre

doi:10.1111/add.16333

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the authors' opinion, this is strongly related to the therapeutic approach of AUD, considering that AB training programs should be delivered to patients who display an approach AB for alcohol cues. A more recent study highlights that patients with severe AUD who experience significant levels of alcohol craving invested more time/interest in alcohol cues, while patients without alcohol craving showed an avoidance AB pattern [51]. These studies represent an indication that the treatment approach of AUD (e.g., AB training) should be personalized according to each individual and depending on the craving levels and the presence of an approach-related AB towards alcohol stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Exploring Attentional Bias toward Alcohol Content: Insights from Eye-Movement Activity

Ghiţă,

Hernández-Serrano,

Moreno

et al. 2024

Eur Addict Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Attentional bias (AB) is an implicit selective attention toward processing disorder-significant information while neglecting other environmental cues. Considerable empirical evidence highlights the clinical implication of AB in the onset and maintenance of substance use disorder. An innovative method to explore direct measures of AB relies on the eye-movement activity using technologies like eye-tracking (ET). Despite the growing interest regarding the clinical relevance of AB in the spectrum of alcohol consumption, more research is needed to fully determine the AB patterns and its transfer from experimental to clinical applications. The current study consisted of three consecutive experiments. The first experiment aimed to design an ad-hoc visual attention task (VAT) consisting of alcohol-related and neutral images using a nonclinical sample (n = 15). The objective of the second and third experiments was to analyze whether the effect of type of image (alcohol-related vs. neutral images) on AB toward alcohol content using the VAT developed in the first experiment was different for type of drinker (light vs. heavy drinker in the second experiment [n = 30], and occasional social drinkers versus alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients in the third experiment [n = 48]). Methods: Areas of interest (AOIs) within each type of image (neutral and alcohol-related) were designed and raw ET-based data were subsequently extracted through specific software analyses. For experiment 1, attention maps were created and processed for each image. For experiments 2 and 3, data on ET variables were gathered and subsequently analyzed through a two-way ANOVA with the aim of examining the effects of the type of image and drinker on eye-movement activity. Results: There was a statistically significant interaction effect between type of image and type of drinker (light vs. heavy drinker in experiment 2, F(1, 56) = 13.578, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.195, and occasional social drinker versus AUD patients in the experiment 3, F(1, 92) = 35.806, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.280) for “first fixation” with large effect sizes, but not for “number of fixations” and “dwell time.” The simple main effect of type of image on mean “first fixation” score for AUD patients was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The data derived from the experiments indicated the importance of AB in sub-clinical populations: heavy drinkers displayed an implicit preference for alcohol-related images compared to light drinkers. Nevertheless, AB fluctuations in patients with AUD compared to the control group were found. AUD patients displayed an early interest in alcohol images, followed by an avoidance attentional processing of alcohol-related images. The results are discussed in light of recent literature in the field.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Exploring Attentional Bias toward Alcohol Content: Insights from Eye-Movement Activity

Ghiţă,

Hernández-Serrano,

Moreno

et al. 2024

Eur Addict Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CPD or Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence scores at 1 day and 8 weeks posttraining, and abstinence at 8 weeks, were not significantly associated with gaze dwell time proportions to smoking cues. Given that some studies found that craving to smoke (Mogg et al, 2003) and drink alcohol (Bollen et al, 2020(Bollen et al, , 2024 was positively associated with gaze dwell times to drug-related cues, we also examined the relationship between the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale Craving scale and gaze dwell time proportions to smoking cues at baseline, 1 day post-ABM training, and 8 weeks post-ABM training, but found no significant associations. In terms of baseline characteristics associated with gaze dwell time proportions, analyses indicated that younger and more dependent smokers, as indicated by higher Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence scores, looked longer at the smoking than neutral cues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using eye tracking to evaluate the impact of smartphone-delivered attentional bias modification training for smokers.

Robinson,

Cui,

Engelmann

et al. 2024

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attentional bias modification (ABM) has been proposed to treat tobacco use disorder by reducing attentional bias (AB) to smoking-related cues. We sought to determine the extent to which AB to smoking cues, as measured by eye-tracking technology, was sensitive to multisession ABM among treatmentseeking adult smokers. The participants (N = 203; 74 women) completed 13 days of daily ABM or sham training using a smartphone, followed by 8 weeks of nicotine replacement therapy and cessation counseling. ABM and sham training were administered using the modified dot-probe task (i.e., neutral cues probed 100% of the time) and the unmodified dot-probe task (i.e., cue types probed equally), respectively. Eye gaze dwell time proportions to paired presentations of smoking and neutral cues were measured at baseline, 1 day post-ABM training, and 8 weeks post-ABM training. At baseline, younger, more dependent smokers and those with higher smoking satisfaction scores looked longer at smoking cues than neutral ones. ABM training resulted in greater gaze preference for the smoking cues than sham training at 1 day posttraining. Gaze preference for smoking cues was positively associated with AB to smoking cues as measured by reaction time during the laboratory dot-probe assessment. At 8 weeks posttraining, gaze preference was not associated with any of the smoking outcome measures. These findings suggest that multisession ABM training resulted in changes in AB by increasing time spent looking at neutral compared with smoking cues in the short term. However, this effect was not sustained and was not associated with smoking behavior outcomes. Public Health SignificanceThese findings suggest that attentional bias modification training, which is designed to train smokers' attention away from smoking-related stimuli, does reduce the tendency to look at such stimuli in the laboratory. However, this effect was not sustained and did not improve smoking cessation outcomes.

show abstract

“…Attentional bias is evident in anxiety disorders, depression, and addiction (Field et al, 2016;Suslow et al, 2020;Thomas et al, 2013;Wieser & Keil, 2020). This bias is particularly evident in craving, where individuals focus on stimuli resembling their substance use process (Bollen et al, 2024;Nejati et al, 2011). Craving is a central phenomenon in substance abuse and relapse, with signi cant implications for treatment (Culbertson et Various treatments, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), third-wave therapies, and psychoanalytical therapies, are available for managing anxiety, depression, and psychological issues in SUDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) and Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) in Treating Anxiety, Depression, Attentional Bias, and Drug Craving in Opioid-Dependent Patients; A Randomized controlled trial

Papi,

Nosratabadi,

Taremian

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) pose significant challenges globally, with opiate addiction being particularly prevalent. This study investigates the impact of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 10 Hz and individual alpha frequencies (IAF), along with cognitive bias modification (CBM), on drug craving, anxiety, depression, and attention bias in individuals with SUDs. Methods: Participants (N = 72) were allocated to control, tACS 10 Hz, tACS IAF, Sham, CBM, and CBM+tACS groups (n = 12 each). Measures included demographic questionnaires, dot probe tasks, Desires for Drug Questionnaires (DDQ), DASS-21 assessments, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for craving. Mixed repeated measures ANOVA were conducted, revealing significant interactions (TIME*GROUP), indicating differential treatment effects over time. Findings: The study involved 72 substance abusers divided into six groups: control, tACS.10 Hz, tACS Real, Sham, CBM, and CBM+tACS. Demographic variables were similar among groups. Mixed ANOVA showed significant TIME*GROUP interactions for all assessments. Significant differences were found in depression, anxiety, drug dependence, and visual analog scale measures. Top of Form Conclusion: In summary, while tACS and CBM alone did not significantly reduce substance-related outcomes, their combined approach showed promise. This study highlights the brain's adaptability to electrical stimulation and underscores the need for further exploration in understanding and treating SUDs. Limitations include restricted participant access and reliance on verbal induction of craving, emphasizing the need for robust study designs and diverse measures in future research.

show abstract

Craving modulates attentional bias towards alcohol in severe alcohol use disorder: An eye‐tracking study

Cited by 3 publications

References 53 publications

Exploring Attentional Bias toward Alcohol Content: Insights from Eye-Movement Activity

Exploring Attentional Bias toward Alcohol Content: Insights from Eye-Movement Activity

Using eye tracking to evaluate the impact of smartphone-delivered attentional bias modification training for smokers.

Effectiveness of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) and Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) in Treating Anxiety, Depression, Attentional Bias, and Drug Craving in Opioid-Dependent Patients; A Randomized controlled trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About