Creak as a Feature of Lexical Stress in Estonian

Aare, Kätlin; Lippus, Pärtel; Simko, Juraj

doi:10.21437/interspeech.2017-1155

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the following sections, the two latter results are discussed in more detail, while the gender effect of male speakers exhibiting significantly more creak has been reported and confirmed by several earlier studies on Estonian, e.g. in [5], [24].…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The results presented in this study suggest that the use of creaky voice in spontaneous Estonian can among sociolinguistic [25] and prosodic [5] reasons be the result of avoiding physical discomfort and excess effort while trying to finish longer utterances. Understandably, these results do not cover the speaking behavior of speakers who use creak constantly for pathological reasons, nor does the corpus include speakers who use creak constantly for habitual reasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…in Finnish [2], Swedish [3], English RP [4], etc.). In Estonian, creak has not been found to be systematically used for signalling turnyielding [5]. Furthermore, the presence of creak in Estonian appears to be governed by a number of time-related properties, such as lengthening and timing in words and phrases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, creak co-occurs with (non-final) lengthening and later timing among the syllables in words as well as within phrases. It is possible that listeners interpret a creaky phrase end as a signal of turn end, triggering a turn change between interlocutors, and speakers are capable of manipulating the use of creak depending on their conversational goals [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Creak in the Respiratory Cycle

Aare¹,

Lippus²,

Włodarczak³

et al. 2018

Interspeech 2018

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Creakiness is a well-known turn-taking cue and has been observed to systematically accompany phrase and turn ends in several languages. In Estonian, creaky voice is frequently used by all speakers without any obvious evidence for its systematic use as a turn-taking cue. Rather, it signals a lack of prominence and is favored by lengthening and later timing in phrases. In this paper, we analyze the occurrence of creak with respect to properties of the respiratory cycle. We show that creak is more likely to accompany longer exhalations. Furthermore, the results suggest there is little difference in lung volume values regardless of the presence of creak, indicating that creaky voice might be employed to preserve air over the course of longer utterances. We discuss the results in connection to processes of speech planning in spontaneous speech.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Creak in the Respiratory Cycle

Aare¹,

Lippus²,

Włodarczak³

et al. 2018

Interspeech 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Speakers use creaky voice for a variety of communicational reasons; previous literature has associated creak with social status [1] and voices that express boredom [2,3], sadness or relaxedness [4]. In addition, creak has been shown to mark the ending of an utterance, for instance, in English, Estonian, and Swedish [5,6] and turn-taking in Finnish [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognition of Creaky Voice from Emergency Calls

2019

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Although creaky voice, or vocal fry, is widely studied phonation mode, open questions still exist in creak's acoustic characterization and automatic recognition. Many questions are open since creak varies significantly depending on conversational context. In this study, we introduce an exploratory creak recognizer based on convolutional neural network (CNN), which is generated specifically for emergency calls. The study focuses on recognition of creaky voice from authentic emergency calls because creak detection could potentially provide information about the caller's emotional state or attempt of voice disguise. We generated the CNN recognition system using emergency call recordings and other out-of-domain speech recordings and compared the results with an already existing and widely used creaky voice detection system: using poor quality emergency call recordings as test data, this system achieved F1 of 0.41 whereas our CNN system accomplished an F1 of 0.64. The results show that the CNN system can perform moderately well using a limited amount of training data on challenging testing data and has the potential to achieve higher F scores when more emergency calls are used for model training.

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The versatility of creaky phonation: Segmental, prosodic, and sociolinguistic uses in the world's languages

Davidson

2020

WIRES Cognitive Science

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Creaky phonation (also known as creaky voice, vocal fry, laryngealization, or glottalization) is a voice quality that refers to shortened and thickened vocal folds that vibrate at a low and quasi‐regular fundamental frequency with a long period of damping. Cross‐linguistically, creaky phonation can span either short or long domains. When implemented on individual vowels or consonants (as in Zapotec or Montana Salish), it can signal phonemic contrast with other voice qualities, or it can be an additional acoustic cue to enhance other contrasts, such as tone (as in Mandarin or Cantonese). Another segmental use of creaky phonation in many languages is as a variant of glottal stop. Creaky phonation can also be implemented as a prosodic element that signals the end of a phrase (as in English or Mandarin), or indicates relinquishing a conversational turn (as in Finnish). It can also express meaning in a social interaction, such as irritation (in Vietnamese). Lastly, creaky phonation can be deployed as a sociolinguistic marker to establish identities, convey affect, or distinguish one speech group from another within the same language. In some social circumstances, such as the perception that young women use creaky phonation at greater rates than men do, it can be evaluated negatively by listeners. As creaky phonation can be combined with linguistic elements at various levels and is easily perceptible, it has taken on a remarkable number of roles in our linguistic repertoires. This article is categorized under: Linguistics > Language in Mind and Brain

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Creak as a Feature of Lexical Stress in Estonian

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Creak in the Respiratory Cycle

Creak in the Respiratory Cycle

Recognition of Creaky Voice from Emergency Calls

The versatility of creaky phonation: Segmental, prosodic, and sociolinguistic uses in the world's languages

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