Creating an Integrated Society, Managing Diversity and Human Rights in Europe

Pentikäinen, Merja

doi:10.1163/22116117-90001614

Cited by 2 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Even the ruling family of Jakeli adopted Islam to maintain ties with the Empire and retain influence over Georgian lands (Sanikidze and Walker 2004). The specific background of the Meskhtian Muslim population remains contested due to the complicated nature of the Soviet nationalities and demographic policies (Pentikäinen and Trier 2004). While some scholars believe they are ethnic Georgians who converted to Islam, others argue that they are descendants of Turkic tribes that settled in the region centuries ago (Tournon 2009).…”

Section: Background Of Deportations and Reasons For Repressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Towards the end of World War II, more precisely in November 1944, the Stalinist regime of the Soviet Union carried out the deportation of around 100,000 Muslims from the Georgian region of Meskheti to remote republics of Central Asia (Trier et al 2011;Pentikäinen and Trier 2004;Tournon 2009). They were accused of traitors to the Soviet nation and collaborating with an unspecified enemy (Trier et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were accused of traitors to the Soviet nation and collaborating with an unspecified enemy (Trier et al 2011). The deported Muslims were subject to exile, remained on probation even after the deportation took place, and their children were punished for the perceived actions of their ancestors (Pentikäinen and Trier 2004). The families left their property behind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repatriation of Muslim Georgians: Mission Accomplished?

Dolidze¹

2023

Religions

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This article focuses on the repatriation process for Muslim Meskhetians deported from Soviet Georgia. It describes the repatriation process initiated after the collapse of the communist regime, showcasing the links between these efforts and Georgia’s request for membership in the Council of Europe in 1996. The article finds that the Georgian government had a superficial approach to repatriation, and several factors hindered repatriation, including the difficulty in disseminating the information related to the application requirements, which were not made accessible in the languages in which the applicants were fluent. Moreover, as Georgia allowed dual citizenship only in exceptional circumstances, the applicants had to renounce their original citizenship to be allowed to seek citizenship in Georgia. Some of them were hesitant to do so, a position that represented an obstacle to application. The most significant impediment was the lack of objectively defined criteria for repatriation success. Without detailed criteria as to what amounted to proper repatriation, the degree of the success of the process is hard to assess. The international community has departed from approaching repatriation as a formal return process. The concept has assumed a “thicker” meaning of allowing returned individuals to resume their lives in the fullest sense, including assuming citizenship, return property etc. The case study shows that the Georgian case of repatriation has been formalistic. Full and seamless reinstatement of the deported people in their lives did not take place.

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Section: Background Of Deportations and Reasons For Repressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repatriation of Muslim Georgians: Mission Accomplished?

Dolidze¹

2023

Religions

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“…In her study, Pentikäinen (2009) highlights how international human rights instruments address the principles of equity and non-discrimination. Both international minority-specific norms and indigenous norms underscore the principles of equality and non-discrimination.…”

Section: The Right To Be Different?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pentikäinen concludes that 'while the women-specific norms are not detailed in discussing women belonging to minority or indigenous groups, it is particularly noteworthy that the international norms on minorities and indigenous peoples are even more hesitant to draw attention to women with a minority or indigenous background. Of these norms, those on indigenous peoples do include some remarks on women and show some sensitivity to gender issues; in the international norms on minorities these considerations are basically absent' (Pentikäinen 2009).…”

Section: The Right To Be Different?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous peoples as international political actors: a summary

Tennberg¹

2009

Polar Record

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The article discusses the results of a three year research project studying international indigenous political activism using case studies from the Arctic. Drawing on two different disciplinary starting points, international relations and international law, the project addressed two interrelated questions. The first of these was how relations between states, international organisations and indigenous peoples have been and are currently constructed as legal and political practices; the second was how indigenous peoples construct their political agency through different strategies to further their political interests. These questions are addressed from the point of view of power relations. The power to act is the basic form of political agency. However, this power may take different forms of political action, for example, self-identification, participation, influence, and representation. The main conclusions of the article are: 1) indigenous political agency is based on multiple forms of power; 2) practices of power that enable and constrain indigenous political agency change over time; 3) power circulates and produces multiple sites of encounters for states, international organisations and indigenous people; 4) indigenous political agency is a question of acting; and 5) there are new challenges ahead for indigenous peoples in claiming a political voice, in particular in global climate politics.

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Creating an Integrated Society, Managing Diversity and Human Rights in Europe

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Repatriation of Muslim Georgians: Mission Accomplished?

Repatriation of Muslim Georgians: Mission Accomplished?

Indigenous peoples as international political actors: a summary

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