Creating and manipulating entangled optical qubits in the frequency domain

Olislager, Laurent; Woodhead, Erik; Huy, Kien Phan; Mérolla, Jean-Marc; Emplit, Philippe; Massar, Serge

doi:10.1103/physreva.89.052323

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The quantum optics experiment follows closely that reported in [28] (except for the frequency filters that are of the type used in [27]). In detail, a continuous-wave laser (from Sacher Lasertechnik) with wavelength λp = 2πc/ωp = 776.04 nm pumps a periodically-poled lithium niobate waveguide (from HC Photonics), thus generating frequency-entangled photons around wavelength λ 0 = 2πc/ω 0 = 1552.08 nm.…”

Section: Measurement Of Frequency-bin Entanglementmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…After subtraction of the background noise, large net visibilities are obtained, see table 1. As shown in [26][27][28], frequency-bin entanglement can be used to violate the Clauser-Horne Bell inequality, by a theoretical maximal value of S = 2.389. Measured visibilities should allow a violation of at least 2.2.…”

Section: Quantum Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Manipulating energy-time entangled photons directly in the frequency domain allows robust transmission through telecommunication fibers, high-visibility two-photon interference and violation of Bell inequalities [26][27][28]. Here we present an analysis of interactions of frequency-bin entangled photons with different plasmophotonic nanostructures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Propagation and survival of frequency-bin entangled photons in metallic nanostructures

et al. 2015

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Abstract:We report on the design of two plasmonic nanostructures and the propagation of frequency-bin entangled photons through them. The experimental findings clearly show the robustness of frequency-bin entanglement, which survives after interactions with both a hybrid plasmo-photonic structure, and a nano-pillar array. These results confirm that quantum states can be encoded into the collective motion of a many-body electronic system without demolishing their quantum nature, and pave the way towards applications of plasmonic structures in quantum information.

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Section: Measurement Of Frequency-bin Entanglementmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Quantum Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Propagation and survival of frequency-bin entangled photons in metallic nanostructures

et al. 2015

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“…The recent progress in the generation and manipulation of OAM has led to the demonstration of OAM qubits and entanglement of the orbital angular momentum states of photons [33]. Frequency qubits can also be created by using a superposition of basic states at frequencies ω 1 and ω 2 , as it is done with atoms; this approach has not been well developed yet, mainly because of the difficulty in chosing arbitrary measurement basis for frequency, nevertheless we can cite some interesting experimental works recently done with these qubits [34,35].…”

Section: Photonic Qubitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiconductor devices for entangled photon pair generation: a review

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Entanglement is one of the most fascinating properties of quantum mechanical systems; when two particles are entangled the measurement of the properties of one of the two allows to instantaneously know the properties of the other, whatever the distance separating them. In parallel with fundamental research on the foundations of quantum mechanics performed on complex experimental set-ups, we assist today to a bourgeoning of quantum information technologies bound to exploit entanglement for a large variety of applications such as secure communications, metrology and computation. Among the different physical systems under investigation, those involving photonic components are likely to play a central role and in this context semiconductor materials exhibit a huge potential in terms of integration of several quantum components in miniature chips. In this article we review the recent progress in the development of semiconductor devices emitting entangled photons. We will present the physical processes allowing to generate entanglement and the tools to characterize it; we will give an overview of major recent results of the last years and highlight perspectives for future developments.

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“…It has been shown that photons from different frequencies interfere at the single quantum level (13) and that such two-parties system can violate Bells inequalities (14). However, such studies do not allow quantum logic operations in a 2-dimensional Hilbert space, and a more complex definition of a frequency-encoded qubit is required (15) to realize this ideal case. The core of our work is the efficient and low-noise frequency conversion of single photons that was proposed 2 decades ago (16) and for which various successful studies using χ (2) and χ (3) nonlinear interactions have been demonstrated (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ramsey Interference with Single Photons

Clemmen¹,

Farsi²,

Ramelow³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. Lett.

131

135

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Interferometry using discrete energy levels in nuclear, atomic or molecular systems is the foundation for a wide range of physical phenomena and enables powerful techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance, Ramsey-based spectroscopy and laser/maser technology. It also plays a unique role in quantum information processing as qubits are realized as energy superposition states of single quantum systems. Here, we demonstrate quantum interference of different energy states of single quanta of light in full analogy to energy levels of atoms or nuclear spins and implement a Ramsey interferometer with single photons. We experimentally generate energy superposition states of a single photon and manipulate them with unitary transformations to realize arbitrary projective measurements, which allows for the realization a high-visibility single-photon Ramsey interferometer. Our approach opens the path for frequency-encoded photonic qubits in quantum information processing and quantum communication. Main Text:The two-state model represents the most fundamental quantum system and can be applied to a wide variety of physical systems. Ramsey interferometry, magnetic resonance imaging, and electron-spin resonance spectroscopy are governed by similar 2-level system dynamics, which involves molecular-atomic levels, nuclear spin, and electronic spin, respectively. The coupling between energy levels is achieved using electromagnetic fields, which can be tailored at will and allows for many advanced techniques such as adiabatic elimination and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in higher dimensional atomic system, or spin locking in NMR. Quantum interference involving systems in superposition of different energies is at the heart of fundamental and applied physics. For example, quantum coherence has been highly useful in increasing the accuracy of time measurement from the first idea of using NMR suggested by Rabi in 1945 (1) to the first atomic clock relying on the Ramsey interferometry (2,3), which has been recently extended by using trapped single ions (4). In addition, Ramsey interferometry on single Rydberg atoms has allowed the nondestructive measurement of the number of photon in a cavity (5) and single spin manipulation using the same techniques constitutes one of the most promising routes towards quantum processing (6-8). Matter-wave interferometers using collective energy levels of atoms in a BEC have also been demonstrated (9) and used to measure gravity down to record breaking precision (10). Nevertheless, a fundamental quantum system that has not been extensively studied in the context of discrete 2-level energy systems (i.e. frequency) is the single photon. Translating those studies to photonics system can be implemented by controlling light with light using nonlinear optics. For classical light the analogy between atomic/molecular optics and nonlinear optics is well known (11) and there are various cases where the complex dynamics of light propagation in a nonlinear medium can be si...

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Creating and manipulating entangled optical qubits in the frequency domain

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Propagation and survival of frequency-bin entangled photons in metallic nanostructures

Propagation and survival of frequency-bin entangled photons in metallic nanostructures

Semiconductor devices for entangled photon pair generation: a review

Ramsey Interference with Single Photons

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