Chinese land trust models all have defects which result in peasants contributing their right to land contractual management but not benefitting fully from the increased agricultural production that ensues. They are not precisely settlors under existing land trust models so they are not able to exercise many control rights normally available to trust settlors. Nor are they exactly the beneficiaries so they do not get the full economic benefit from the rights they contribute. The key challenge for Chinese land trusts are that trustee can't easily negotiate with individual peasants and that the land trusts models cannot easily negotiate with individual peasants. "Unit trust" or similar models may be an avenue to avoid the transaction cost difficulties, an approach that does indeed seem promising.