Creation and validation of the Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale Research Short-Form (PSAS-RSF)

Davies, Siân; Christiansen, Paul; Harrold, Joanne A.; Silverio, Sergio A.; Fallon, Victoria

doi:10.1007/s00737-021-01114-7

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The confirmed structure also reflects more recent validations using the briefer derivatives of the PSAS: the 16-item Research Short Form (PSAS-RSF; Davies et al 2021 ), and the 12-item Research Short Form for use in global Crises (PSAS-RSF-C; Silverio et al 2021 ). A four-factor structure has also been identified in international validations of the PSAS in France (PSAS-FR; Infante-Gil et al 2021 ) and Iran (PSAS-IR; Hasanzadeh et al 2021 ) indicating these domains of anxiety hold constant across cultures and countries with differing income levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Since the initial publication in 2016, a 16-item research short-form PSAS has been developed and validated in three random samples containing over 2000 postpartum women with infants aged from birth to twelve months (PSAS-RSF; Davies et al 2021 ). A rapid-response 12-item version for use in the COVID-19 pandemic has also been developed and validated from a sample of postpartum women in the first UK lockdown (PSAS-RSF-C; Silverio et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale: Confirmatory factor analyses and relationships with birth experience

Fallon

Davies

Christiansen

et al. 2022

Arch Womens Ment Health

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The Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale [PSAS] was developed and validated as a research tool with a four-factor structure; with predictive validity corroborated in studies examining infant-feeding and maternal bonding outcomes. The PSAS has not been examined in relation to birth experiences. We aimed to confirm the PSAS four-factor structure and examine these domains of anxiety in relation to subjective and objective birth experiences. Postpartum mothers (≤ 12-months; N = 500) completed the PSAS alongside measures of subjective birth satisfaction and objective obstetric interventions/complications. Confirmatory factor analyses [CFA] tested eight models, theoretically derived from the preceding exploratory work. Structural equation modelling [SEM] tested associations between each PSAS factor and birth experience variables in the best-fitting model. An identical 51-item four-factor model fits the data well. SEM analyses revealed associations between lower perceptions of quality of intrapartum care and increased maternal competence and attachment anxieties, practical infant care anxieties, and infant safety and welfare anxieties. High subjective stress and negative emotional response to labour were associated with increased psychosocial adjustment to motherhood anxieties. Specific associations were found between neonatal care unit admission and practical infant care anxieties; and infant asphyxia and infant safety and welfare anxieties. Findings confirm construct and convergent validity of the four-factor PSAS and its use in measuring postpartum anxiety. Unique associations were also identified, indicating specific subjective and objective experiences occurring during birth may elicit a differential anxiety response, in that they are related to specific forms of postpartum anxiety which occur during the first postpartum year.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale: Confirmatory factor analyses and relationships with birth experience

Fallon

Davies

Christiansen

et al. 2022

Arch Womens Ment Health

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“…The PSAS shows good psychometric properties7 and the research long form42 has been subject to multiple translations including French,43 with ongoing translations and validations taking place in Italian, Spanish, Dutch and more. A research short form has also been developed 44…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicountry study protocol of COCOON: COntinuing Care in COVID-19 Outbreak global survey of New, expectant, and bereaved parent experiences

et al. 2022

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IntroductionGlobally, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted the provision of healthcare and efficiency of healthcare systems and is likely to have profound implications for pregnant and postpartum women and their families including those who experience the tragedy of stillbirth or neonatal death. This study aims to understand the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 and the experiences of parents who have accessed maternity, neonatal and bereavement care services during this time.Methods and analysisAn international, cross-sectional, online and/or telephone-based/face-to-face survey is being administered across 15 countries and available in 11 languages. New, expectant and bereaved parents during the COVID-19 pandemic will be recruited. Validated psychometric scales will be used to measure psychosocial well-being. Data will be analysed descriptively and by assessing multivariable associations of the outcomes with explanatory factors. In seven of these countries, bereaved parents will be recruited to a nested, qualitative interview study. The data will be analysed using a grounded theory analysis (for each country) and thematic framework analysis (for intercountry comparison) to gain further insights into their experiences.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval for the multicountry online survey, COCOON, has been granted by the Mater Misericordiae Human Research Ethics Committee in Australia (reference number: AM/MML/63526). Ethics approval for the nested qualitative interview study, PUDDLES, has been granted by the King’s College London Biomedical & Health Sciences, Dentistry, Medicine and Natural & Mathematical Sciences Research Ethics Subcommittee (reference number: HR-19/20-19455) in the UK. Local ethics committee approvals were granted in participating countries where required. Results of the study will be published in international peer-reviewed journals and through parent support organisations. Findings will contribute to our understanding of delivering maternity care services, particularly bereavement care, in high-income, lower middle-income and low-income countries during this or future health crises.

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“…It is a valid and reliable tool for measuring postpartum anxiety. This 51-item questionnaire assesses four components of anxiety, including maternal competence and attachment anxieties, infant safety and welfare anxieties, practical infant care anxieties, and psychosocial adjustment to motherhood [ 29 ]. Owing to the high number of items, the 16-item version was considered the strongest version in terms of theory and psychometrics.…”

Section: The Second Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation and implementation of clinical guidelines on maternal and newborn postnatal care in Iran: study protocol

Abdoli Najmi,

Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi,

Jahanfar

et al. 2023

Reprod Health

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Background According to World Health Organization (WHO), the postnatal care provision aims to provide care and treatment with the highest quality and the least intervention to obtain the best health and well-being for the family. The present study aims to adapt international guidelines for the clinical recommendations for the postpartum period and implement and determine its effectiveness. Methods/design This study will be done in two phases. In the first phase, international clinical guidelines for mother and newborn postnatal care will be adapted. The second phase is a randomized controlled trial in which the adapted guideline recommendations will be implemented, and maternal and neonatal outcomes will be measured. The ADAPTE method for adaptation of clinical guidelines, is usedg in the first phase. A systematic review was conducted in the databases and clinical guidelines related to postpartum care were extracted according to the inclusion criteria. The quality of clinical guidelines was evaluated using the AGREE-II tool. The WHO clinical guideline obtained the highest evaluation score and was chosen as the main guideline, and the NICE clinical guideline, with a second higher evaluation score, was also used to fill some gaps in the WHO guideline. Based on the pre-determined questions, recommendations will be sent to the relevant experts and stakeholders for their evaluation. After the external evaluation and the finalization of the recommendations, the postpartum clinical guideline will be compiled and used in the second phase of the study. In the second phase, 272 women in the immediate postnatal stage of the maternity and postpartum ward of Taleghani and AL-Zahra Hospitals in Tabriz will be assigned into the intervention (receiving care based on adapted guidline recommendations) and control (receiving routine hospital care) groups uing individual stratified block randomization. At 6 weeks after birth, we will complete the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, postpartum specific anxiety scale and Barkin index of maternal functioning (to assess the primary outcomes), as well as a maternal health problems checklist, infant care behavior, and violence assessment questionnaires (to asses the seconadary outcomes). Further, the maternal health problems checklist and the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale will be completed in the second week after birth. The data will be analyzed using an independent t-test and ANCOVA. Discussion It is expected that the implementation of evidence-based clinical guidelines improves maternal and neonatal outcomes and experience of the postpartum period. The positive experience can also help to achieve Iran’s population policies and the need to increase childbearing in the country. Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20120718010324N76; Date of registration: 27/1/2023. URL: https://en.irct.ir/user/trial/66874/view; Date of first registration: 27/3/2023.

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Creation and validation of the Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale Research Short-Form (PSAS-RSF)

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

The Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale: Confirmatory factor analyses and relationships with birth experience

The Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale: Confirmatory factor analyses and relationships with birth experience

Multicountry study protocol of COCOON: COntinuing Care in COVID-19 Outbreak global survey of New, expectant, and bereaved parent experiences

Adaptation and implementation of clinical guidelines on maternal and newborn postnatal care in Iran: study protocol

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