Creation of variation through gamma irradiation and polyploidization in Vitex agnus-castus L.

Ari, Esin; Djapo, H.; Mutlu, Nedim; Gurbuz, E.; Karagüzel, Osman

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.08.039

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The overall effect was an increased plant size and a looser plant habitus, as shown by the decrease in circularity. A similar increase in plant size was found in Vitex (Ari et al, 2015 ) and in some Rosa genotypes (Kermani et al, 2003 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Flowers of E. rubra tetraploids were larger than flowers of the diploid counterparts. An increase in flower size was reported for Rosa (Allum et al, 2007 ), Vitex (Ari et al, 2015 ), and Paulownia (Tang et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Tetraploid E. illinita and E. rubra showed wider leaves than diploids, thus a decrease in l/w ratio and increase in leaf surface. An increase in leaf size due to in vitro chromosome doubling has been observed in Rosa (Allum et al, 2007 ; Feng et al, 2017 ) and in Vitex (Ari et al, 2015 ), and after in vivo chromosome doubling in Ziziphus (Shi et al, 2015 ). A decrease in l/w ratio was also observed in Spathiphyllum (Van Laere et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The Variable Effect of Polyploidization on the Phenotype in Escallonia

et al. 2018

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To induce new variation within the Escallonia genus, chromosome doubling was performed in E. rubra, E. rosea, and E. illinita, three important species within this genus of mainly evergreen woody ornamental species. Obtained tetraploids and diploid controls were analyzed for rooting capacity, leaf and flower characteristics, and plant architecture using image analysis and cold tolerance. In the present study, a breeders' collection of 23 accessions was characterized cytogenetically and described morphologically. All analyzed species and cultivars were diploid (2n = 2x = 24), with exception of E. pendula, a tetraploid. Today, breeding in Escallonia is limited to lucky finds in seedling populations and few efforts in interspecific hybridization. Three selected Escallonia species underwent an in vitro chromosome doubling with both oryzalin and trifluralin applied as either a continuous or shock treatment. The treatments successfully induced polyploids in all three species. Image analysis revealed that tetraploid E. rosea had decreased shoot length (from 3.8 to 1.3 cm), higher circularity and more dense growth habit compared to diploids. No significant changes in cold tolerance were seen. Tetraploid E. illinita did not differ in shoot length, but an increased outgrowth of axillary buds on the main axis led to denser plants. For tetraploid E. rubra, an increase in plant height (from 4.9 to 5.5 cm) was observed together with a large decrease in circularity and density due to a more polar outgrowth of branches on the main axis. E. rubra tetraploids bore larger flowers than diploids and had an increased cold tolerance (from −7.7 to −11.8°C). Leaf width and area of tetraploids increased for both E. illinita and E. rubra, while a decrease was seen in E. rosea genotypes. For all three species, the rooting capacity of the tetraploids did not differ from the diploids. We conclude that the effect of polyploidization on Escallonia was highly variable and species dependent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The Variable Effect of Polyploidization on the Phenotype in Escallonia

et al. 2018

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“…Among all these methods, mutation breeding and polyploidy are most likely being used in asexual propagated crops to develop novel varieties and to achieve different genetic variations. In fact, the mutation effect is easily visible in ornamentals, in terms of change in flower color, shape and size [12]. Polyploids have been successfully produced during the last few decades in many ornamental crops [13].…”

Section: Breeding Of Ornamental Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Colchicine Induced Chromosome Doubling for Enhancement of Quality Traits in Ornamental Plants

Manzoor

Ahmad

Bashir

et al. 2019

Plants

133

118

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Polyploidy has the utmost importance in horticulture for the development of new ornamental varieties with desirable morphological traits referring to plant size and vigor, leaf thickness, larger flowers with thicker petals, intense color of leaves and flowers, long lasting flowers, compactness, dwarfness and restored fertility. Polyploidy may occur naturally due to the formation of unreduced gametes or can be artificially induced by doubling the number of chromosomes in somatic cells. Usually, natural polyploid plants are unavailable, so polyploidy is induced synthetically with the help of mitotic inhibitors. Colchicine is a widely used mitotic inhibitor for the induction of polyploidy in plants during their cell division by inhibiting the chromosome segregation. Different plant organs like seeds, apical meristems, flower buds, and roots can be used to induce polyploidy through many application methods such as dipping/soaking, dropping or cotton wool. Flow cytometry and chromosome counting, with an observation of morphological and physiological traits are routine procedures for the determination of ploidy level in plants.

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“…Photoautotrophic micropropagation, the use of bioreactors, or the use of thin cell layers [88], sonication and ultrasound [89], or magnetic fields [90] to alter or improve tissue growth in vitro are all aspects that merit investigation in Vitex species. Recent progress was made in the induction of V. agnus-castus polyploids using 0.05% colchicine while irradiation with 50 Gy of γ-rays resulted in a single-stemmed plant type [14], emphasizing the importance of mutation technology as an applied breeding technique to induce variation.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological advances in Vitex species, and future perspectives

Silva¹,

Kher

Nataraj

2016

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

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Vitex is a large genus consisting of 230 species of trees and shrubs with multiple (ornamental, ethnobotanic and pharmacological) uses. Despite this, micropropagation has only been used to effectively propagate and preserve germplasm a limited number (six) of Vitex species (V. agnus-castus, V. doniana, V. glabrata, V. negundo, V. rotundifolia, V. trifolia). This review on Vitex provides details of published micropropagation protocols and perspectives on their application to germplasm preservation and in vitro conservation. Such details serve as a practically useful user manual for Vitex researchers. The importance of micropropagation and its application to synthetic seed production, in vitro flowering, production of secondary metabolites, and the use of molecular markers to detect somaclonal variation in vitro, are also highlighted.

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Creation of variation through gamma irradiation and polyploidization in Vitex agnus-castus L.

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

The Variable Effect of Polyploidization on the Phenotype in Escallonia

The Variable Effect of Polyploidization on the Phenotype in Escallonia

Studies on Colchicine Induced Chromosome Doubling for Enhancement of Quality Traits in Ornamental Plants

Biotechnological advances in Vitex species, and future perspectives

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