Creep and recovery behaviors of electrorheological elastomers and time-electric field superposition principle

Abstract

The creep and recovery behaviors are of great importance for the electrorheological elastomers (EREs), while it is lack of relevant research in previous reports. In this work, the creep and recovery properties of silane coupling agent modified-TiO 2 particles based EREs were systematically investigated, and the influence of particle content, electric field strength and temperature on creep and recovery behaviors were analyzed. The results indicate the creep and recovery behaviors of the EREs are affected by particle volume fraction and temperature obviously. The creep resistance of EREs are enhanced with the ascending electric field strength, and the blocking effect of particles on polymer chain segments is further clarified by fitting the creep data with Findley and Burgers model. The creep compliance curves of the EREs under various temperatures and electric field intensities were compared, and the curves were shifted along time axis to get a master compliance curve at a reference electric field strength according to the proposed time-electric field superposition principle (TESP). It is shown that TESP could provide an accelerated measuring technique for evaluating the long-term viscoelastic properties of EREs.

Enhanced Electrorheological Properties of PMMA–Titanium Oxide Nanocomposites

“…Analogous to the creep plateau in mechanical testing which reflects the pseudoequilibrium compliance of entanglement network of polymer chains, 53,54 the plateaus detected in Figure 6 and Figure 7 can be interpreted as the constant shear resistance provided by PMMA and TiO 2 NP ordered chains. At the time before the appearance of the plateau, the TiO 2 NPs are in the process of forming isolated thin chains.…”

Synthesis and Electrorheological Response of Graphene Oxide/Polydiphenylamine Microsheet Composite Particles

“…Notably, when the shear stress is applied or removed, the ER fluid immediately undergoes a strain or recovers from the strain without delay, which is different from the ER fluid creep phenomenon with time delay [ 36 , 37 ]. The creep test has been also performed for an ER elastomer [ 38 ]. The recovery ratio (χ) is the ratio of the recoverable strain (γ R ) to the maximum strain (γ max ) [ 39 ], J(t) = (γ(t))/τ Χ = γ R /γ max × 100% …”

Development of an electrorheological elastomer isolator working in shear-squeeze mixed mode

“…To obtain highly ER effect, EREs are cured under strong external electric field strength, and the anisotropic structure of dielectric particles are formed inside the matrix. Due to the interactive motion and force between adjacent dielectric particles, EREs can present adjustable mechanical properties, like moduli and damping, under applied electric field [13,14]. Compared with magnetorheological elastomers (MREs), one kind of intelligent materials whose properties controlled by external magnetic field [15][16][17][18], EREs avoid the influence of electromagnetic heat generation on their own performance, and the device structure is greatly simplified without electromagnetic coils.…”