In this paper, the use of Asymptotic Homogenization Method (AHM) is proposed to solve partial differential equations that describe the behavior of some viscoelastic heterogeneous materials. The mathematical statement of the problem is formulated. A theoretical and organized description of the AHM is exposed. Analytical expressions of the effective properties for heterogeneous viscoelastic materials, using the Laplace Transform and its inverse, are reported. Various viscoelastic kernels are considered, including Rabotnov's fractional-exponential kernel, to describe the behavior of laminate viscoelastic composites. Finally, numerical results are obtained to validate the use of the method.