Creep damage nucleation sites in ferrous alloys

Benci, J.E.; Pope, D. P.; George, E.P.

doi:10.1016/0025-5416(88)90555-1

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…26,27 In general, creep deformation becomes relevant for a material when the operating temperature is near or even less than half of its melting temperature (in Kelvin). 28,29 For amorphous glass materials, creep deformation is unavoidable when the operating temperature reaches the glass transition temperature, T g . The operating temperatures for most of the SOFCs under development are around 1073 K. Because the glass-transition temperature of most glass is around 800 K, 30 the creep deformation of glass-ceramic sealant under the typical cell operating temperatures should not be neglected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The glass–ceramic sealant materials possess relatively high stiffness even at the high operating temperature of a SOFC because of the presence of the ceramic phase 26,27 . In general, creep deformation becomes relevant for a material when the operating temperature is near or even less than half of its melting temperature (in Kelvin) 28,29 . For amorphous glass materials, creep deformation is unavoidable when the operating temperature reaches the glass transition temperature, T g .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Creep Behavior of Glass/Ceramic Sealant and its Effect on Long-Term Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Liu

Koeppel

et al. 2009

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology

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The creep behavior of glass or glass–ceramic sealant materials used in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) becomes relevant under SOFC operating temperatures. In this paper, the creep of glass–ceramic sealants was experimentally examined, and a standard linear solid model was applied to capture the creep behavior of glass–ceramic sealant materials developed for planar SOFCs at high temperatures. The parameters of this model were determined based on the creep test results. Furthermore, the creep model was incorporated into finite‐element software programs SOFC‐MP and Mentat‐FC developed at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for multiphysics simulation of SOFCs. The effect of creep of glass–ceramic sealant materials on the long‐term performance of SOFC stacks was investigated by studying the stability of the flow channels and the stress redistribution in the glass seal and on the various interfaces of the glass seal with other layers. Finite‐element analyses were performed to quantify the stresses in various parts. The stresses in glass seals were released because of creep behavior during operations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creep Behavior of Glass/Ceramic Sealant and its Effect on Long-Term Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Liu

Koeppel

et al. 2009

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology

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Effect of Creep of Ferritic Interconnect on Long‐Term Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stacks

Liu

Khaleel

2010

Fuel Cells

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High‐temperature ferritic alloys are potential candidates as interconnect (IC) materials and spacers due to their low cost and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) compatibility with other components for most of the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). However, creep deformation becomes relevant for a material when the operating temperature exceeds or even is less than half of its melting temperature (in degrees of Kelvin). The operating temperatures for most of the SOFCs under development are around 1,073 K. With around 1,800 K of the melting temperature for most stainless steel (SS), possible creep deformation of ferritic IC under the typical cell operating temperature should not be neglected. In this paper, the effects of IC creep behaviour on stack geometry change and the stress redistribution of different cell components are predicted and summarised. The goal of the study is to investigate the performance of the fuel cell stack by obtaining the changes in fuel‐ and air‐channel geometry due to creep of the ferritic SS IC, therefore indicating possible changes in SOFC performance under long‐term operations. The ferritic IC creep model was incorporated into software SOFC‐MP and Mentat‐FC, and finite element analyses (FEAs) were performed to quantify the deformed configuration of the SOFC stack under the long‐term steady‐state operating temperature. It was found that the creep behaviour of the ferritic SS IC contributes to narrowing of both the fuel‐ and the air‐flow channels. In addition, stress re‐distribution of the cell components suggests the need for a compliant sealing material that also relaxes at operating temperature.

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Microradiography of creep damage in copper

Benci

Pope

1989

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Creep damage nucleation sites in ferrous alloys

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Creep Behavior of Glass/Ceramic Sealant and its Effect on Long-Term Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Creep Behavior of Glass/Ceramic Sealant and its Effect on Long-Term Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Effect of Creep of Ferritic Interconnect on Long‐Term Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stacks

Microradiography of creep damage in copper

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