Creep Resistance and Structural Stability of Low-Alloy CrMo and CrMoV Steels

A Review of Methods to Estimate Creep Damage in Low‐Alloy Steel Power Station Steam Pipes

“…This material is manufactured to produce a uniformly fine dispersion and distribution of the precipitates that serve to improve the creep strength of the material. Purmensky [3] found that the particular precipitate that rules the strengthening is V 4 C 3 . This strengthening is achieved through the restriction of the grain interior deformation by these intragranular carbides.…”

Analysis of the Influence of Chemical Content and Microstructure on the Features of Creep-Resisting Steel as the Basis for the Diagnostics, Prediction and Elimination of Fault States of Manufacturing Systems

“…With the temperatures of the walls of cast reaction pipes, where the temperatures range around 920-950°C it is the study of the influences on features of the steel 30Cr24Ni24Nb. [1,3,9] Influence of chemical structure on the features of given steels. The results of various experiments of different authors including the ones held at Technical University in Košice, at the Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies within VEGA projects have confirmed the following solutions in this part.…”

“…The course of the dependence of stress on time until breakage and the temperature for high-alloy chrome steel with the content of Mo from 0.96 % to 2.99 % is shown in Fig. 3 Table 2 Influence of chemical structure on features of chrome creep-resisting steels [1,2,3] Chemical elements Influence of heat treatment and microstructure of semi-products, forged pieces and pipes or parts on given steels features. Normalizing is for heat treatment of semi-products recommended.…”

“…Statement: the higher the hardening temperature, the higher the ratio of this phase, is interpreted at hardening with different temperatures 1100 °C/2h/oil/, 1000 °C/2h/oil, while the least ratio of this phase in microstructure has shown at temperature 900 °C/2h/oil, which is confirmed also by literature. [6,8] According to several foreign authors [1,2,4,7] it is impossible to ignore the observation and distribution of δ phase in microstructure of chrome steel with 12% Cr. Given fact is interpreted by the experiment result in samples of steel material 12Cr-2Mo-0,5 V, which has proven different distribution of δ phase in microstructure of the same steel but which has been processed under different conditions.…”

Heat-Resistant Steels, Microstructure Evolution and Life Assessment in Power Plants

“…Their complicated compositions achieve the outstanding high temperature properties. Many efforts have been dedicated to this goal for decades [4,5,6,7]. In heat resistant steels, the most important alloying elements are chromium (Cr) for oxidation resistance and nickel (Ni) for strength and ductility.…”