Creeping and Novel Huge Bending of Plasticized PVC

Uddin, Md. Zulhash; Watanabe, Satoshi; Shirai, Hirofusa; Hirai, Toshihiro

doi:10.20965/jrm.2002.p0118

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Figure 11 illustrates the experimental results, implying the folding occurred as expected. By employing DBP as a plasticizer, the rate of folding induced bending deformation became very swift, that is, over 100 of bending angle was attained within 30 ms (Uddin et al, 2002). The maximum strain induced reached over 400% (Figure 11).…”

Section: Folding Deformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Active Non-ionic Artificial Muscle

Hirai

2007

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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The author has been studying the electrical actuation of non-ionic dielectric polymeric materials, ranging from highly swollen polymer gels to non-solvent containing elastomers. In this presentation, the present situation of the kind of ‘artificial muscles,’ is summarized, and an attempt is made to define the future prospects of the artificial muscle. Dielectric polymer solutions show characteristic flow behavior in the electrical field that is different from that of the intact solvent itself. Polymeric gels that contain a large amount of solvent can be deformed in two processes, one is by Maxwell force and the other by ‘charge injected solvent drag’. Plasticizer plays a slightly different role in the electrical deformation. In the case of a plasticized polymer, instead of the solvent drag, creep deformation occurs in which plasticized polymer gel body deforms with charge injection. It looks like an amoeba-like ‘pseudoplasmic flow,’ and is known as ‘electrotaxis’. The strain was found to reach over 400%. In the case of a non-solvent system, a dielectric elastomer is the possible candidate for actuator. In this case, it is proposed that the electrically induced deformation is asymmetric on both electrodes and usually deforms with bending. Although the strain is much smaller than that found in gels and plasticized materials, it is adequate for the study of space charge distribution in materials. The phenomena observed in elastomers are consistent in gels or plasticized materials.

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Section: Folding Deformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Active Non-ionic Artificial Muscle

Hirai

2007

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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“…For PVC gel actuators made using dibutyl adipate (DBA), this behaviour has been attributed to "migration of [the] plasticizer-rich phase" of the gel, evidenced by the observation of a softer (higher plasticiser content) local layer adjacent to the anode [19][20][21]. This anodophilic behaviour can be exploited as an actuation mechanism to achieve bending [18] or contraction [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoplastic electroactive gels for 3D-printable artificial muscles

Helps¹,

Taghavi²,

Rossiter

2019

Smart Mater. Struct.

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3D-printable artificial muscles have only recently garnered interest, and few 3D-printed artificial muscles have been demonstrated. In this article, we introduce the concept of thermoplastic electroactive gels, new smart materials that can be fabricated simply and rapidly by heating, overcoming the limitations of previous dangerous and time-consuming solvent-based manufacturing methods, and enabling hot-pressing, melt-recycling, extrusion and 3D-printing. We present and characterise a new example material, PVC-DIDA (polyvinyl chloride and diisodecyl adipate) gel and demonstrate multi-layer PVC-DIDA gel artificial muscles. Finally, the extrudability of PVC-DIDA gel is confirmed, and an artificial muscle made from extruded electroactive gel is presented. The electroactivity and extrudability of these thermoplastic gels highlights them as excellent candidate materials for 3D-printing artificial muscle structures.

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“…Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gel actuators are a recently discovered class of electroactive polymer 1 , which exhibit impressive characteristics: 12% contraction, 78 kPa stress, 3 W kg -1 specific power, 4.3 kW m -3 power density, and 9 Hz 2 bandwidth. When a PVC gel is placed between oppositely charged electrodes, the gel creeps towards the anode, increasing its anodecontacting surface area 1,3,4 (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This "anodophilic" (anode-loving) behaviour can be captured as an actuation mechanism. To achieve a bending actuator, a long sample of gel may be sandwiched between two short electrodes 1 ; upon activation the gel creeps towards the anodes resulting in a bulk bending motion ( Fig. 2a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards electroactive gel artificial muscle structures

Helps

Taghavi

Rossiter

2018

Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) XX

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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gel is a promising, soft-smart material with electroactive properties, which can be used to make soft robotic actuators with impressive characteristics. However, until now, PVC gel actuators have always been made with rigid metal electrodes, preventing the fabrication of fully soft devices. Here, we present a novel conceptual design for PVC gel actuators. By moving the microstructure from the electrode to the gel itself, we enable PVC gels which exhibit linear contraction when sandwiched between planar electrodes made from any conductive material. We investigate four different microstructures, three of which exhibit higher displacements compared with a traditional (mesh-based) PVC gel actuator. The best performing gel achieved a displacement of 26% of the microstructure height. Finally, we demonstrate an entirely soft PVC gel actuator with thin conductive rubber electrodes. This article is a first step towards totally compliant artificial muscles made from soft electrodes and PVC gels.

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Creeping and Novel Huge Bending of Plasticized PVC

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Electrically Active Non-ionic Artificial Muscle

Electrically Active Non-ionic Artificial Muscle

Thermoplastic electroactive gels for 3D-printable artificial muscles

Towards electroactive gel artificial muscle structures

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