Cretaceous integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China

Xi, Dangpeng; Wan, Xiaoqiao; Li, Guobiao; Chen, Yingjie

doi:10.1007/s11430-017-9262-y

Cited by 118 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Cretaceous lacustrine and terrestrial sediments was dated by geochronology (U/Pb zircon dates) and astrochronology (Wu et al 2013;Xi et al 2018Xi et al , 2019. Two events of deep and extensive lake sedimentation (so-called lake anoxic events, during lakelevel highstands and organic-rich sedimentation) could be correlated to sea-level lowstands in the late Turonian and in the Santonian (sea-level curve of Haq 2014) within a Milankovitch-band precision (Wagreich et al 2014;Xi et al 2018Xi et al , 2019Yang et al 2018), thereby supporting the limno-eustatic hypothesis. Further tests which rely strongly on sufficient dating, stratigraphic resolution and marine to non-marine correlations, as well as different sea-level curves applied and their interpretations (i.e.…”

Section: Sea-levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquifer-eustasy as the main driver of short-term sea-level fluctuations during Cretaceous hothouse climate phases

Sames

Wagreich

Conrad

et al. 2020

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A review of short-term (,3 myr: c. 100 kyr to 2.4 myr) Cretaceous sea-level fluctuations of several tens of metres indicates recent fundamental progress in understanding the underlying mechanisms for eustasy, both in timing and in correlation. Cretaceous third-and fourth-order hothouse sea-level changes, the sequencestratigraphic framework, are linked to Milankovitch-type climate cycles, especially the longer-period sequencebuilding bands of 405 kyr and 1.2 myr. In the absence of continental ice sheets during Cretaceous hothouse phases (e.g. Cenomanian-Turonian), growing evidence indicates groundwater-related sea-level cycles: (1) the existence of Milankovitch-type humid-arid climate oscillations, proven via intense humid weathering records during times of regression and sea-level lowstands; (2) missing or inverse relationships of sea-level and the marine δ 18 O archives, i.e. the lack of a pronounced positive excursion, cooling signal during sealevel lowstands; and (3) the anti-phase relationship of sea and lake levels, attesting to high groundwater levels and charged continental aquifers during sea-level lowstands. This substantiates the aquifer-eustasy hypothesis. Rates of aquifer-eustatic sea-level change remain hard to decipher; however, reconstructions range from a very conservative minimum estimate of 0.04 mm a −1 (longer time intervals) to 0.7 mm a −1 (shorter, probably asymmetric cycles). Remarkably, aquifer-eustasy is recognized as a significant component for the Anthropocene sealevel budget.

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Section: Sea-levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquifer-eustasy as the main driver of short-term sea-level fluctuations during Cretaceous hothouse climate phases

Sames

Wagreich

Conrad

et al. 2020

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“…Previous Cretaceous palaeoclimate studies have mainly focused on marine deposits (e.g., Wang et al 2005;Hu et al 2006;Keller 2008). This is due to the globally high sea level during the Cretaceous (Larson 1991), their overall net deposition, and good stratigraphic control (Gao et al 2017;Xi et al 2019). By contrast, little is known from continental records that are typically less complete due to sedimentary erosion and hiatuses, and are much harder to accurately correlate stratigraphically (Wang et al 2009;Wu et al 2014;Gao et al 2017;Cao 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continental chemical weathering during the Early Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE1b): a case study from the Fuxin fluvio-lacustrine basin, Liaoning Province, NE China

Shao

Lan

et al. 2020

J. Palaeogeogr.

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This study focuses on Early Cretaceous mudstones from the Shahai and Fuxin formations in the Fuxin continental basin. We analyse chemical weathering, land surface temperatures and palaeoclimates based on chemical weathering indices, and emphasize the implications of continental chemical weathering on nutrient fluxes into lakes and oceans. According to Cr and Ni abundance, Al 2 O 3-TiO 2 , La/Sc-Th/Co and V-Ni-Th×10 plots, as well as rare earth element (REE) analysis, mudstone samples from the Shahai and Fuxin formations were derived from the same type of provenance comprising mainly felsic igneous rocks. Chemical weathering trends reflected by the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA), Weathering Index of Parker (WIP) and the Mafic Index of Alteration for Oxidative weathering environments (MIA (O)) are consistent with each other and allow the geological succession to be divided into four stages. Land surface temperatures of the Shahai and Fuxin formations are estimated based on the linear relationship of CIA to temperature, and also can be divided into four stages consistent with those determined from chemical weathering trends. During Stage A (early part of the late Aptian) chemical weathering and land surface temperatures were relatively low and showed characteristic high fluctuations, while Stage B (latest Aptian) represented a transitional period where weathering rates and temperatures increased, and high amplitude fluctuations continued. Conditions changed markedly in Stage C (early Albian) with very high and stable weathering, and warm, humid climates, while in Stage D (middle and late Albian) conditions returned to low chemical weathering and land surface temperatures. These stages of chemical weathering and land surface temperature fluctuations represent responses to global climate fluctuations during the Early Cretaceous, with the early Albian high weathering intensities and warm, humid climates combining to create high nutrient levels that would have flushed through rivers into lakes and ultimately oceans. This correlates stratigraphically with the development of Early Cretaceous black shales during Ocean Anoxic Event 1b, showing the importance of continental weathering regimes as a causal mechanism for lake and ocean anoxia.

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“…, ; Xi et al . ). However, the stratigraphy and fossils of the Yixian Formation in northern Hebei are not as well understood as those in west Liaoning (Xi et al .…”

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confidence: 97%

“…Each unit is characterized by different dominant fossils and deposits from different geological time periods . These units serve as a basic framework for correlating other relevant deposits in the nearby basin (Wan et al 2013(Wan et al , 2016Xi et al 2019). However, the stratigraphy and fossils of the Yixian Formation in northern Hebei are not as well understood as those in west Liaoning (Xi et al 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These units serve as a basic framework for correlating other relevant deposits in the nearby basin (Wan et al 2013(Wan et al , 2016Xi et al 2019). However, the stratigraphy and fossils of the Yixian Formation in northern Hebei are not as well understood as those in west Liaoning (Xi et al 2019). The Pingquan Basin, which is located in the eastern part of the northern Hebei Province, is a useful area of examination for connecting the stratigraphical features of western Liaoning and northern Hebei.…”

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Lagerstätte fossils from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of the Pingquan Basin, North China: stratigraphical correlation and palaeoenvironmental implications

Qin

Shi

et al. 2019

LET

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The Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation in northeast China mainly contains the Jehol Biota. Notable investigations of the area have led to the discovery of feathered dinosaurs, angiosperms and numerous other exceptionally well‐preserved fossils. The Yixian Formation is mostly composed of basalts interbedded with siliciclastic sediments that can be divided into several beds (from lower to upper layers, the Jianshangou Bed, Dawangzhangzi Bed and Jinggangshan Bed). However, the stratigraphy and fossils of the Yixian Formation in the northern Hebei Province are less understood than those of the western Liaoning. This study carried out a sectional excavation on a lacustrine deposit outcrop of the Yixian Formation from the Pingquan Basin in northern Hebei (the Shimen section). This fieldwork resulted in a detailed lithostratigraphical description of 52 layers, including three abundant fossil layers found within a fine‐grained clastic deposit that is 15.48 m thick. A preliminary palaeontological record was also created from primary observations and from information from previous investigations. Representative fossils included the lizard Jeholacerta formosa, fish Lecoptera sp. tadpole shrimp Chenops yixianensis conchostracans Eosestheria, dragonfly Samarura and the palaeobotanical conifers Liaoningocladus boii and Schizolepis. Comparing the lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of this section with other Lower Cretaceous sections in the western Liaoning, the lacustrine strata of the Shimen section correlate to the lower part of the Yixian Formation's Dawangzhangzi Bed. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the sediment and the typical types of the plants from this section, it is suggested that the Pingquan Basin is a small volcanic‐sediment basin, in temperate palaeoclimate during its deposition period.

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Cretaceous integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China

Cited by 118 publications

References 109 publications

Aquifer-eustasy as the main driver of short-term sea-level fluctuations during Cretaceous hothouse climate phases

Aquifer-eustasy as the main driver of short-term sea-level fluctuations during Cretaceous hothouse climate phases

Continental chemical weathering during the Early Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE1b): a case study from the Fuxin fluvio-lacustrine basin, Liaoning Province, NE China

Lagerstätte fossils from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of the Pingquan Basin, North China: stratigraphical correlation and palaeoenvironmental implications

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