Cretaceous-Tertiary shortening, basin development, and volcanism in central Tibet

Kapp, Paul; Yin, An; Harrison, T. Mark; Ding, Lin

doi:10.1130/b25595.1

Cited by 721 publications

(573 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Lunpola basin) especially along the IndusYarlung suture zone and the Bangong suture zone in central Tibet. Up to 4 km thickness of fluvial and lacustrine sediments filled the Nima basin along the Bangong suture zone during the period 27-23 Ma (Kapp et al 2005). Oxygen isotope data suggest that the central part of the plateau had reached high elevation as early as Eocene-Oligocene time whereas northern Tibet became elevated only later (Rowley & Currie 2006;DeCelles et al 2007).…”

Section: Post-collision Thickeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crustal thickening, folding and thrusting along the Bangong suture across central Tibet occurred during Early Cretaceous times. Geological mapping along the Qiangtang terrane shows mid-Cretaceous volcanic flows and continental red beds unconformably overlying upper Palaeozoic and Triassic-Jurassic rocks and early Mesozoic blueschist-bearing mélange (Kapp et al 2005(Kapp et al , 2007a. Geological evidence shows that west and central Tibet must have been above sea level since the mid-Cretaceous.…”

Section: Pre-collision Thickeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is an increasing body of evidence that substantial crustal thickening and, by inference, surface uplift of Tibet may have occurred prior to the India-Asia collision (England & Searle 1986;Searle 1995;Murphy et al 1997;Kapp et al 2005Kapp et al , 2007aSpurlin et al 2005). Crustal thickening, folding and thrusting along the Bangong suture across central Tibet occurred during Early Cretaceous times.…”

Section: Pre-collision Thickeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Models for the growth of the Tibetan Plateau range from early, pre-India-Asia collision thickening and uplift in the Lhasa and southern Qiangtang blocks and Karakoram terrane (England & Searle 1986;Murphy et al 1997;Hildebrand et al 2001;Kapp et al 2005;Searle et al 2010a) through gradual uplift following the India-Asia collision (50-0 Ma) to sudden uplift at c. 7-8 Ma . The India-Asia collision itself must have been a continuing process since the Late Cretaceous-Early Palaeocene obduction of ophiolites onto the Indian passive continental margin and initial contact between Indian and Asian crust, through to final withdrawal of the Tethyan Ocean with ending of marine sedimentation in the Indus-Yarlung Tsangpo suture zone.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crustal–lithospheric structure and continental extrusion of Tibet

Searle

Elliott

Phillips

et al. 2011

JGS

240

154

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Crustal shortening and thickening to c. 70-85 km in the Tibetan Plateau occurred both before and mainly after the c. 50 Ma India-Asia collision. Potassic-ultrapotassic shoshonitic and adakitic lavas erupted across the Qiangtang (c. 50-29 Ma) and Lhasa blocks (c. 30-10 Ma) indicate a hot mantle, thick crust and eclogitic root during that period. The progressive northward underthrusting of cold, Indian mantle lithosphere since collision shut off the source in the Lhasa block at c. 10 Ma. Late Miocene-Pleistocene shoshonitic volcanic rocks in northern Tibet require hot mantle. We review the major tectonic processes proposed for Tibet including 'rigid-block', continuum and crustal flow as well as the geological history of the major strikeslip faults. We examine controversies concerning the cumulative geological offsets and the discrepancies between geological, Quaternary and geodetic slip rates. Low present-day slip rates measured from global positioning system and InSAR along the Karakoram and Altyn Tagh Faults in addition to slow long-term geological rates can only account for limited eastward extrusion of Tibet since Mid-Miocene time. We conclude that despite being prominent geomorphological features sometimes with wide mylonite zones, the faults cut earlier formed metamorphic and igneous rocks and show limited offsets. Concentrated strain at the surface is dissipated deeper into wide ductile shear zones.

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Section: Post-collision Thickeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pre-collision Thickeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pre-collision Thickeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crustal–lithospheric structure and continental extrusion of Tibet

Searle

Elliott

Phillips

et al. 2011

JGS

240

154

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“…The microcontinent consists mainly of orthogneisses with minor metasedimentary rocks, mafic amphibolites and migmatites, which were intruded by Jurassic granitoids Zhang et al, 2012;Zhu et al, 2011). Beside Nyainqêntanglha massif, the Ando microcontinent is the only one with well defined outcrops of Neoproterozoic (920-820 Ma) and CambrianOrdovician (540-460 Ma) crystalline basement in the interior of Tibet (Guynn et al, 2006;Kapp et al, 2005;Xu et al, 1985;Zhu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Jurassic MORB-type gabbro, high-Mg diorite, calc-alkaline diorite and granodiorite in the Ando area, central Tibet: Evidence for a slab roll-back of the Bangong-Nujiang Ocean

Yan

Long

Wang

et al. 2016

Lithos

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A thermochronological perspective on the morphotectonic evolution of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau

et al. 2014

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A large part of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau (TP) is characterized by low-relief surfaces at high elevations (>3.5 km). The origin of these landscapes and their geodynamic implications with regard to evolution of the southeastern TP has been the subject of considerable debate. Focusing on this topic, this study utilizes fission track and (U-Th)/He thermochronology to reconstruct the thermal history of the Late Triassic Daocheng granite, on which a low-relief high-elevation landscape has developed. Results suggest that the plateau surface experienced widespread Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous cooling (at a rate of~1-2°C/Ma), followed by minimal regional cooling (~0.3°C/Ma) and Early Miocene enhanced cooling (~2-3°C/Ma) along deep valleys at the southern edge of the landscape. Given the subdued Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous crustal deformation in the study area, we relate the coeval cooling to crustal refrigeration and exhumation triggered by northward subduction of the Meso-Tethys Ocean along the Bangong suture. Subsequent Late Cretaceous to Cenozoic minimal cooling supports arguments for the formation of a low-elevation landform prior to uplift of the southeastern TP. The enhanced cooling commenced at the Early Miocene (~15-22 Ma) along deep valleys and heralded the onset of river incision and surface uplift of the southeastern TP. This finding does not support previous proposals claiming that high elevations of the southeastern TP were formed in Late Miocene time resulting from lower crustal flow but rather supports a model highlighting continental subduction and extrusion along the large Tanggula-Yushu-Batang-Red River fault system.

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Cretaceous-Tertiary shortening, basin development, and volcanism in central Tibet

Cited by 721 publications

References 60 publications

Crustal–lithospheric structure and continental extrusion of Tibet

Crustal–lithospheric structure and continental extrusion of Tibet

Middle Jurassic MORB-type gabbro, high-Mg diorite, calc-alkaline diorite and granodiorite in the Ando area, central Tibet: Evidence for a slab roll-back of the Bangong-Nujiang Ocean

A thermochronological perspective on the morphotectonic evolution of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau

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