CRF-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the circumventricular organs of the monkey, Macaca fuscata

Kawata, Mitsuhiro; Hashimoto, Kozo; Takahara, Jiro; Sano, Yutaka

doi:10.1007/bf00216438

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…With respect to extrahypothalamic localization of the peptide, the presence of immunoreactive CRF has been observed in the circumventricular organs in Macacafuscata brain (44), but there are no reports on CRF localization in the limbic system. Further studies are needed to clarify the extrahypothalamic localization of CRF in the primate brain.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of corticotropin-releasing factor receptors in primate brain.

Millán¹,

Jacobowitz²,

Hauger³

et al. 1986

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The distribution and properties of receptors for corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) were analyzed in the brain of cynomolgus monkeys. Binding of [125I]tyrosine-labeled ovine CRF to frontal cortex and amygdala membrane-rich fractions was saturable, specific, and time-and temperaturedependent, reaching equilibrium in 30 min at 23TC. Scatchard analysis of the binding data indicated one class of high-affinity sites with a Kd of 1 nM and a concentration of 125 fmol/mg (,30% of the receptor number in monkey anterior pituitary membranes). As in the rat pituitary and brain, CRF receptors in monkey cerebral cortex and amygdala were coupled to adenylate cyclase. Autoradiographic analysis of specific CRF binding in brain sections revealed that the receptors were widely distributed in the cerebral cortex and limbic system. Receptor density was highest in the pars tuberalis of the pituitary and throughout the cerebral cortex, specifically in the prefrontal, frontal, orbital, cingulate, insular, and temporal areas, and in the cerebellar cortex. A very high binding density was also present in the hippocampus, mainly in the dentate gyrus, and in the arcuate nucleus and nucleus tuberis lateralis. A high binding density was present in the amygdaloid complex and mammary bodies, olfactory tubercle, and medial portion of the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus. A moderate binding density was found in the nucleus accumbens, claustrum, caudate-putamen, paraventricular and posterior lateral nuclei of the thalamus, inferior colliculus, and dorsal parabrachial nucleus. A low binding density was present in the superior colliculus, locus coeruleus, substantia gelatinosa, preoptic area, septal area, and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. These data demonstrate that receptors for CRF are present within the primate brain at areas related to the central control of visceral function and behavior, suggesting that brain CRF may serve as a neurotransmitter in the coordination of endocrine and neural mechanisms involved in the response to stress.In addition to its role as a major regulator of corticotropin (ACTH) release from the anterior pituitary (1), corticotropinreleasing factor (CRF) also exerts direct actions within the central nervous system in several animal species. Intracerebroventricular administration of CRF in experimental animals results in altered behavior and activates the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system, similar to the changes observed during stress (1-4). Immunoreactive CRF has been found in several extrahypothalamic sites in the brain, including many parts of the limbic system and centers known to control the autonomic nervous system (1, 5-7). These findings suggest that the peptide acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain to modulate the integrated responses to stress. This view is supported by the demonstration that CRF receptors are present in the rat brain, with a distribution corresponding to the components of the limbic system and cerebral cortex (8). There is evidence indic...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of corticotropin-releasing factor receptors in primate brain.

Millán¹,

Jacobowitz²,

Hauger³

et al. 1986

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…However, limited information is available concerning the distribution of CRF in primate brain. For example, the only available anatomic observations from monkeys, based on immunohistochemical studies, have been limited to examinations of hypothalamus (Kawata et al, 1982;Paul1 et al, 1984) and circumventricular organs (Kawata et al, 1983). Also, with one exception described below, similar limitations have applied to immunohistochemical stud-ies of human brain.…”

Section: An Antiserummentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticotropin-releasing factor in olivocerebellar climbing-fiber system of monkey (Saimiri sciureus and Macaca fascicularis): parasagittal and regional organization visualized by immunohistochemistry

Foote

1988

J. Neurosci.

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An antiserum directed against the human form of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) was utilized for immunohistochemical visualization of the distribution of this peptide in the inferior olivary nucleus and cerebellum of 2 monkey species (Saimiri sciureus, Macaca fascicularis). Colchicine pretreatment was not used. In both species, immunoreactivity was evident in the vast majority of neurons in the inferior olivary nucleus, with perikarya in the medial accessory olive exhibiting especially intense staining. In cerebellum, no labeled perikarya were present, but immunoreactive axons exhibiting the morphological characteristics of climbing fibers and their collaterals were observed in cortical and nuclear structures. In the cortex, most labeled axons were confined to the molecular and Purkinje cell layers. In the sagittal plane, individual axonal arbors originated from thick, isolated axons at the base of the molecular layer and repeatedly ramified as they extended toward the cortical surface. In coronal sections, only thin, paired profiles were present. Labeled processes also formed efflorescences in the granular layer of cortex and were evident as highly arborized axons in cerebellar nuclei. In each of these instances, the labeled elements resembled climbing fibers or their collaterals as visualized by other methods. Other labeled processes in the granular layer exhibited the morphological characteristics of mossy fiber axons. Immunoreactive, climbing-fiber- like axons were present in the molecular layer throughout the major regions of cerebellar cortex. However, the most intensely labeled of these axons were strikingly clustered within particular regions and parasagittal domains. In the vermis and intermediate zone, intensely labeled axons were present only within parasagittal zones similar in location to those defined by climbing fiber innervation from the medial accessory olive. Intensely labeled axons were also densely but uniformly distributed within the uvula, the medial region of the dorsal paraflocculus, and the dorsal region of the pyramis, areas that receive their climbing fiber input primarily from the medial accessory olive. Labeled fibers were much less dense and were not clustered in the lateral hemispheres. The present observation of CRF-like immunoreactivity in the monkey olivocerebellar pathway is compatible with the previous observation of CRF mRNA within olivary neurons of rat, baboon, and human (Young et al., 1986) and with recent immunohistochemical findings in rat (Sakanaka et al., 1987; Palkovits et al., 1987), cat (Cummings et al., 1988; Kitahama et al., 1988), sheep (Cummings et al., 1988), and human (Powers et al., 1987).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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“…Several laboratories have described neuronal perikarya and axons immunostainable €or a variety of neuropeptides-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), somatostatin, corticotropin-releasing hormone, oxytocin, and vasopressin-within the lamina terminalis and adjacent preoptic-periventricular area in a number of species-rat, guinea pig, hamster, monkey, and human (Kawata et al, 1983;Silverman, 1984;Silverman et al, 1977;Terasawa and Davis, 1983;Sofroniew, 1977, 1980;Zimmerman and Antunes, 1976). A recent study in rat, rabbit, and monkey describes axons immunoreactive for several peptides (LHRH, vasopressin, somatostatin, and neurotensin) and for serotonin, arborizing within the lamina terminalis and also penetrating the overlying ependyma to end within the third ventricle (Shen et al, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraventricular neuronal complex of the lamina terminalis of the mouse

Bleier

Siggelkow

1986

Am. J. Anat.

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An intraventricular neuronal complex has been identified with scanning and transmission electron microscopy at the base of the lamina terminalis of the mouse. The raspberry-shaped complex protrudes from a thickened bulge on the ependymal surface of the lamina terminalis or adjacent rostral floor of the third ventricle. Neurons and occasional ependymal cells cover the surface of the complex. Its core is made up of neurons, ependymal cells, and neuronal processes, which are usually compactly arranged. The core is continuous, through a breach in the ependymal layers, with the subependymal neuropil of the lamina terminalis. Within the core of the complex are large numbers of axodendritic synapses. Axonal varicosities and synaptic terminals are filled with vesicles and mitochondria. Synaptic endings have one of two populations of vesicles: exclusively clear, small, round or flattened vesicles. In view of the known structural and functional characteristics of the lamina terminalis, it is possible that the neuronal complex may participate in neurohormonal regulatory systems of the hypothalamus and hypophysis or in the network of circumventricular organs mediating angiotensin effects.

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CRF-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the circumventricular organs of the monkey, Macaca fuscata

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Distribution of corticotropin-releasing factor receptors in primate brain.

Distribution of corticotropin-releasing factor receptors in primate brain.

Corticotropin-releasing factor in olivocerebellar climbing-fiber system of monkey (Saimiri sciureus and Macaca fascicularis): parasagittal and regional organization visualized by immunohistochemistry

Intraventricular neuronal complex of the lamina terminalis of the mouse

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