CRF microinjected into the dorsal vagal complex inhibits TRH analog- and kainic acid-stimulated gastric contractility in rats

Heymann-Mönnikes, Ingeborg; Taché, Yvette; Trauner, Michael; Weiner, Herbert; Garrick, Thomas

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90181-t

Cited by 64 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Vagotomy also blocked gastric motility changes induced by CRF injected into the DMN in fasted rats or intracerebroventricularly in fed dogs (24,26), whereas surgical sympathectomy had no effect in fed or fasted rats (22). In addition, CRF injected intracisternally or into the DMN inhibits gastric motility stimulated by vagal-dependent thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) excitatory action on DMN neurons (10,19). In support of vagal inhibitory pathways are also the observations that intracisternal CRF decreased gastric vagal efferent discharge (23) and that intracerebroventricular CRF blocked the activation of DMN neurons and gastric function induced by endogenous TRH released by acute cold exposure (47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Urocortin 2 acts centrally to delay gastric emptying through sympathetic pathways while CRF and urocortin 1 inhibitory actions are vagal dependent in rats

Czimmer¹,

Million²,

Taché³

2006

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We characterized the influence of the selective corticotropin-releasing factor 2 (CRF(2)) receptor agonist human urocortin 2 (Ucn 2), injected intracisternally, on gastric emptying and its mechanism of action compared with intracisternal CRF or urocortin (Ucn 1) in conscious rats. The methylcellulose phenol red solution was gavaged 20 min after peptide injection, and gastric emptying was measured 20 min later. The intracisternal injection of Ucn 2 (0.1 and 1 microg) and Ucn 1 (1 microg) decreased gastric emptying to 37.8 +/- 6.9%, 23.1 +/- 8.6%, and 21.6 +/- 5.9%, respectively, compared with 58.4 +/- 3.8% after intracisternal vehicle. At lower doses, Ucn 2 (0.03 microg) and Ucn 1 (0.1 microg) had no effect. The CRF(2) antagonist astressin(2)-B (3 microg ic) antagonized intracisternal Ucn 2 (0.1 microg) and CRF (0.3 microg)-induced inhibition of gastric emptying. Vagotomy enhanced intracisternal Ucn 2 (0.1 or 1 microg)-induced inhibition of gastric emptying compared with sham-operated group, whereas it blocked intracisternal CRF (1 microg) inhibitory action (45.5 +/- 8.4% vs. 9.7 +/- 9.7%). Sympathetic blockade by bretylium prevented intracisternal and intracerebroventricular Ucn 2-induced delayed gastric emptying, whereas it did not influence intravenous Ucn 2-, intracisternal CRF-, and intracisternal Ucn 1-induced inhibition of gastric emptying. Prazosin abolished the intracisternal Ucn 2 inhibitory effect, whereas yohimbine and propranolol did not. None of the pretreatments modified basal gastric emptying. These data indicate that intracisternal Ucn 2 induced a central CRF(2)-mediated inhibition of gastric emptying involving sympathetic alpha(1)-adrenergic mechanisms independent from the vagus contrasting with the vagal-dependent inhibitory actions of CRF and Ucn 1.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Urocortin 2 acts centrally to delay gastric emptying through sympathetic pathways while CRF and urocortin 1 inhibitory actions are vagal dependent in rats

Czimmer¹,

Million²,

Taché³

2006

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus we found it more suitable to try one-tenth this dose of CRF (i.e., 30 nl of a 0.67 mM solution; 20 pmol total) for microinjection studies. Indeed, others who have reported DVC effects of CRF have used a dose range of 63-210 pmol (i.e., 75 nl of a 0.84 -2.8 mM solution) (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reevaluation of the effects of stimulation of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus on gastric motility in the rat

Cruz

Murphy

Sahibzada

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A reevaluation of the effects of stimulation of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus on gastric motility in the rat. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 292: R291-R307, 2007. First published September 21, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00863.2005.-Our primary purpose was to characterize vagal pathways controlling gastric motility by microinjecting L-glutamate into the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) in the rat. An intragastric balloon was used to monitor motility. In 39 out of 43 experiments, microinjection of L-glutamate into different areas of the DMV rostral to calamus scriptorius (CS) resulted in vagally mediated excitatory effects on motility. We observed little evidence for inhibitory effects, even with intravenous atropine or with activation of gastric muscle muscarinic receptors by intravenous bethanechol. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase with N -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) HCl did not augment DMV-evoked excitatory effects on gastric motility. Microinjection of L-glutamate into the DMV caudal to CS produced vagally mediated gastric inhibition that was resistant to L-NAME. L-Glutamate microinjected into the medial subnucleus of the tractus solitarius (mNTS) also produced vagally mediated inhibition of gastric motility. Motility responses evoked from the DMV were always blocked by ipsilateral vagotomy, while responses evoked from the mNTS required bilateral vagotomy to be blocked. Microinjection of oxytocin into the DMV inhibited gastric motility, but the effect was never blocked by ipsilateral vagotomy, suggesting that the effect may have been due to diffusion of oxytocin to the mNTS. Microinjection of substance P and N-methyl-D-aspartate into the DMV also produced inhibitory effects attributable to excitation of nearby mNTS neurons. Our results do not support previous studies indicating parallel vagal excitatory and inhibitory pathways originating in the DMV rostral to CS. Our results do support previous findings of vagal inhibitory pathways originating in the DMV caudal to CS. vagus nerve; nonadrenergic noncholinergic THE DORSAL MOTOR NUCLEUS OF the vagus (DMV) consists largely of vagal preganglionic neurons that project onto postganglionic neurons innervating the upper GI tract (11). Historically, it was believed that the vagus nerve provided only excitatory parasympathetic "drive" to the gut (2). However, recent reviews of vagal control of GI function propose that vagal efferents to the stomach consist of parallel excitatory and inhibitory pathways (2,15,47). One study on vagovagal reflex pathways in the rat indicates that excitatory and inhibitory DMV pathways have relatively equivalent roles in producing gastric relaxation (40). A more recent study suggests that activation of the inhibitory DMV pathway (as opposed to withdrawal of the excitatory DMV pathway) plays the major role in mediating reflex-induced fundus relaxation (13). Consistent with findings of earlier studies (20,23,45), nitric oxide was reported to be the chemical mediator of the inhibitory DMV pathway (13).The ...

show abstract

“…Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) fiberiterminal labeling is found diffusely in this area, although it is more dense in the DMV (Rinaman et al, 1989b;Rinaman and Miselis, 1990). TRH projections to this area originate exclusively in the caudal raphe nuclei and the parapyramidal area (Lynn et al, 19911, and physiologic experiments suggest that bombesin may interact with TRH in the NTSiDMV complex (Ishikawa and Tache, 1989;Heymann-Monnikes et al, 1990). This neurochemically described medial region of the NTSiDMV complex may be functionally more relevant than the cytoarchitecturally defined, more limited medial subnucleus.…”

Section: Distribution Of Bombesin-like Immunoreactivity In the Nts/dmmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Central bombesin is a potent inhibitor of basal gastric acid secretion, gastric acid secretion enhanced by a variety of stimulants, gastric contractility, and gastric emptying (Tache et al, 1981(Tache et al, , 1988Tache and Gunion, 1985;Heymann-Monnikes et al, 1990). Central administration of bombesin elicits other autonomic responses, including cardiovascular Fisher and Brown, 1984;Fisher et al, 19851, respiratory (Holtman et al, 1983;Niewoehner et al, 1983), and thermoregulatory (Brown et al, 1988) effects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Microinjection of bombesin into the NTSiDMV complex results in inhibition of gastric acid secretion and gastric contractility (Ishikawa and Tache, 1989;Heymann-Monnikes et al, 1990). It slows heart rate via cardiac parasympathetic activity (Carver-Moore et al, 1991), elevates plasma catecholamines (Carver-Moore et al, 1991 j, and suppresses feeding (DeBeaurepaire and Suaudeau, 1988;Johnson and Merali, 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Distribution of bombesin-like immunoreactivity in the nucleus of the solitary tract and dorsal motor nucleus of the rat and human: Colocalization with tyrosine hydroxylase

Lynn

Hyde²,

Cooperman

et al. 1996

J. Comp. Neurol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bombesin is a peptide neurotransmitter/neuromodulator with important autonomic and behavioral effects that are mediated, at least in part, by bombesin-containing neurons and nerve terminals in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). The distribution of bombesin-like immunoreactive nerve terminals/fibers and cell bodies in relation to a viscerotopically relevant subnuclear map of this region was studied by using an immunoperoxidase technique. In the rat, bombesin fiber/terminal staining was heavy in an area that included the medial subnucleus of the NTS and the DMV over their full rostral-caudal extent. Distinctly void of staining were the gelatinous, central, and rostral commissural subnuclei and the periventricular area of the NTS, regions to which gastric, esophageal, cecal, and colonic primary afferents preferentially project. The caudal commissural and dorsal subnuclei had light bombesin fiber/terminal staining, as did the intermediate, interstitial, ventral, and ventrolateral subnuclei. With colchicine pretreatment, numerous cell bodies were stained in the medial and dorsal subnuclei, with fewer neurons in the caudal commissural, intermediate, interstitial, ventral, and ventrolateral subnuclei. Bombesin-like immunoreactive neurons were found in numerous other areas of the brain, including the ventrolateral medulla, the parabrachial nucleus, and the medial geniculate body. In the human NTS/DMV complex, the distribution of bombesin fiber/terminal staining was very similar to the rat. In addition, occasional bombesin-like immunoreactive neurons were labeled in a number of subnuclei, with clusters of neurons labeled in the dorsal and ventrolateral subnuclei. Double immunofluorescence studies in rat demonstrated that bombesin colocalizes with tyrosine hydroxylase in neurons in the dorsal subnucleus of the NTS. Bombesin does not colocalize with tyrosine hydroxylase in any other location in the brain. In conclusion, the distribution of bombesin in the NTS adheres to a viscerotopically relevant map. This is the anatomical substrate for the effects of bombesin on gastrointestinal function and satiety and its likely role in concluding a meal. The anatomic similarities between human and rat suggest that bombesin has similar functions in the visceral neuraxis of these two species. Bombesin coexists with catecholamines in neurons in the dorsal subnucleus, which likely mediate, in part, the cardiovascular effects of bombesin.

show abstract

CRF microinjected into the dorsal vagal complex inhibits TRH analog- and kainic acid-stimulated gastric contractility in rats

Cited by 64 publications

References 32 publications

Urocortin 2 acts centrally to delay gastric emptying through sympathetic pathways while CRF and urocortin 1 inhibitory actions are vagal dependent in rats

Urocortin 2 acts centrally to delay gastric emptying through sympathetic pathways while CRF and urocortin 1 inhibitory actions are vagal dependent in rats

A reevaluation of the effects of stimulation of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus on gastric motility in the rat

Distribution of bombesin-like immunoreactivity in the nucleus of the solitary tract and dorsal motor nucleus of the rat and human: Colocalization with tyrosine hydroxylase

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About