Cribra orbitalia: a non‐human primate perspective

Degusta, David

doi:10.1002/oa.1081

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Also of note, CO has been observed in nonhuman primates (DeGusta, 2010;Nathan & Haas, 1966). Chimpanzees and other primates can develop pneumonia and other respiratory infections (Barile et al, 1994;Hubbard, Lee, & Eichberg, 1991;Jones et al, 1984;Kondgen et al, 2017;McClure et al, 1974;Roy et al, 2009;Smits et al, 2010;Thaxton, 2006).…”

Section: Respiratory Infection and Archeological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis are associated with respiratory infections in a contemporary mortality sample from New Mexico

O’Donnell

Hill

Anderson

et al. 2020

American J Phys Anthropol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: Cribra orbitalia (CO) and porotic hyperostosis (PH) are porous cranial lesions (PCLs) classically associated with iron-deficiency anemia in bioarchaeological contexts. However, recent studies indicate a need to reassess the interpretation of PCLs. This study addresses the potential health correlates of PCLs in a contemporary sample by examining relationships between the known cause of death (COD) and PCL presence/absence. Methods: This study includes a sample of 461 juvenile individuals (6 months to 15 years of age) who underwent examination at the University of New Mexico's Office of the Medical Investigator between 2011 and 2019. The information available for each individual includes their sex, age at death, and their COD and manner of death. Results: Odds ratio of having CO (OR = 3.92, p < .01) or PH (OR = 2.86, p = .02) lesions are increased in individuals with respiratory infections. Individuals with heart conditions have increased odds of having CO (OR = 3.52, p = .03) lesions, but not PH. Conclusion: Individuals with respiratory infection are more likely to have CO and/or PH. CO appears to have a greater range of health correlates than PH does, as indicated by the heart condition results. However, individuals with congenital heart defects are at higher risk for respiratory infections, so bony alterations in cases of heart conditions may be due to respiratory illness. Since respiratory infection remains a leading cause of mortality today, CO and PH in bioarchaeological contexts should be considered as potential indicators of respiratory infections in the past.

show abstract

Section: Respiratory Infection and Archeological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis are associated with respiratory infections in a contemporary mortality sample from New Mexico

O’Donnell

Hill

Anderson

et al. 2020

American J Phys Anthropol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such osteopathologies have been well described in humans as suggestive of genetic anemias, likely thalassemia (Moseley, 1974;Stuart-Macadam, 1987;Hes et al, 1990;De Mattia et al, 1996;Hollar, 2001;Lagia et al, 2007), but to our knowledge, these cases have never been recorded in non-human primates, with the sole exceptions of Schultz (1956), Nathan andHaas (1966), andDeGusta (2010). While the allelic variants of the β-globin gene associated with thalassemia are very well known in different human ethnic groups (http://omim.org/ entry/141900), no mutations have been reported for the closely related great apes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Analysis of the beta-globin gene in DNA of suspected thalassemic great apes

Vuch¹,

Siori²,

Bigatti³

et al. 2013

Genet. Mol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. DNA was recovered from teeth of 2 great ape skeletons, Pan troglodytes (Ptr) and Pongo pygmaeus (Ppy), belonging to a 19th-century zoological collection. The skeletons presented morphological alterations possibly associated with β-thalassemia: Ptr had deformation of the calvaria and oro-maxillo-facial bones with porotic hyperostosis and extended osteoporotic lesions of the skeleton, while Ppy showed a general marked widening of the calvarial diploe but moderate osteoporotic signs on the post-cranial skeleton. We screened Ptr and Ppy for mutations in the β-globin gene (exons 1, 2, and 3) because we suspected thalassemia. Ptr β-globin sequences showed the highest degree of similarity with the human ones (99.8%), while those of Ppy were slightly different (98.2%). The results were consistent with the phylogenetic relationships between their β-globin gene sequences. We did not find any mutation in the β-globin gene of Ptr and Ppy; therefore, we conclude that, in spite of skeletal alterations, the 2 subjects analyzed were not affected by β-thalassemia.

show abstract

“…Oesophagostrum (stomach worms) and intestine worms (nematodes and tape worms) in apes contain a varied zoonose [34]. Criba orbitalia has been documented in several primate taxa, but no cases of porotic hyperostosis are reported in the same study [33]. This emphasizes that even though criba orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis are often linked causally, there is actually no clear evidence upon which this interpretation of the inter-relationship between the two pathologies is based [2], [16], [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earliest Porotic Hyperostosis on a 1.5-Million-Year-Old Hominin, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Meat-eating was an important factor affecting early hominin brain expansion, social organization and geographic movement. Stone tool butchery marks on ungulate fossils in several African archaeological assemblages demonstrate a significant level of carnivory by Pleistocene hominins, but the discovery at Olduvai Gorge of a child's pathological cranial fragments indicates that some hominins probably experienced scarcity of animal foods during various stages of their life histories. The child's parietal fragments, excavated from 1.5-million-year-old sediments, show porotic hyperostosis, a pathology associated with anemia. Nutritional deficiencies, including anemia, are most common at weaning, when children lose passive immunity received through their mothers' milk. Our results suggest, alternatively, that (1) the developmentally disruptive potential of weaning reached far beyond sedentary Holocene food-producing societies and into the early Pleistocene, or that (2) a hominin mother's meat-deficient diet negatively altered the nutritional content of her breast milk to the extent that her nursing child ultimately died from malnourishment. Either way, this discovery highlights that by at least 1.5 million years ago early human physiology was already adapted to a diet that included the regular consumption of meat.

show abstract

Cribra orbitalia: a non‐human primate perspective

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis are associated with respiratory infections in a contemporary mortality sample from New Mexico

Cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis are associated with respiratory infections in a contemporary mortality sample from New Mexico

Analysis of the beta-globin gene in DNA of suspected thalassemic great apes

Earliest Porotic Hyperostosis on a 1.5-Million-Year-Old Hominin, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About