Cricket Batting Stroke Timing of a Batsman When Facing a Bowler and a Bowling Machine (P26)

Cricket is a sport played internationally in over 100 countries. Two teams face one another in a match, each taking it in turns to bat and field. In the fielding side, bowlers deliver the ball to the batsman who then responds by hitting the ball away. Batting and bowling are complex and dynamic skills which must be practised at length in training. However, due to the demanding nature of bowling, batsmen can train against a machine to face sufficient numbers of deliveries. An advanced training machine is under development at Loughborough University that is capable of delivering technically correct bowling deliveries in a repeatable manner. However, in order to monitor that the machine is generating accurate deliveries, a study to quantify the variability in the delivery parameters of bowlers has been undertaken, and the results are presented in this paper. Eight spin bowlers and ten pace bowlers have been studied. Each bowler was asked to deliver up to five balls, and the results have been analysed and presented. It has been found that the range of ball release speed varies from 17.5-35.0 m/s, the rate of spin imparted by the bowler varies from 11.44-231.22 rad/s, the launch angle of the ball varies from 9.7°above the horizontal to 19.2°below the horizontal and the launch position on the wicket varies from 1.97-2.38 m in height, 61.95 m in width and 0.36-1.79 m from the bowler's stumps.

show abstract

“…The research into match performance and the next generation bowling machine (strands (b) and (c) above) are reported elsewhere. 8–10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional vision analysis to measure the release characteristics of elite bowlers in cricket

Cork

Justham

West

2012

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P:

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The authors determined that the batsman gathers information about the flight of the ball during the first 100-150 ms of ball flight, at the time of bounce and 200 ms after bounce. The effects of this attunement to early ball flight data were determined experimentally [15,16]. Differences in batsmen setup (batsman's body position before the ball is bowled) and trigger movement (the initial step the batsman does before striking the ball) when facing a human bowler and a traditional bowling machine were observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an Anthropometric Fast Bowling Machine

Bickramdass

Persad

Loutan

2021

HighTech. Innov. J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of bowling machines to train batsmen whether it be indoors or outdoors has increased significantly. In the absence of bowlers, batsmen can bat for hours without any bowlers getting tired. The designs of these machines are often a derivative of ball projection machines used for other sports such as tennis. Reviewed literature highlights the deficit in visual information in the form of an arm and hand when using these machines. Hence a cricket bowling machine was developed with an arm and hand. The usability, functionality, repeatability, and accuracy of the cricket bowling machine with an arm and hand was tested which had been previously designed and built by Loutan Jr. (2016) at The University of Trinidad and Tobago. A trajectory model was developed for an indoor environment and experimentally validated with data collected from extensive testing of the bowling machine using Pitch Vision hardware and software. A design procedure had to be formulated to determine what test had to be done and the method of collecting data. The testing, data collection and validation of the model was done with the cricket bowling machine in its current state with minor changes to the hand. The release angle at which the ball leaves the hand was found to have a significant impact on the length (distance along the pitch the ball bounces) of the delivery. Finally, the bowling machine was able to bowl various lengths and varying speeds consistently. The variation in speed placed the machine in the category of medium-fast, that is, speeds between 120 km/h (75 mph) and 130 km/h (81mph). Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-02-04 Full Text: PDF

show abstract

“…When facing the bowling machine, batters typically let the ball 'wash' over the retina during early ball-flight, resulting in batters directing their gaze behind the ball for the majority of ball-flight (see Croft et al, 2009;. There is also overwhelming evidence to suggest that the absence of advance information from the bowling machine influences the kinematic behaviour of the batters (see Cork, Justham, & West, 2008Pinder et al, 2009;Renshaw et al, 2007). Specifically when facing a bowling machine, batters showed significant delays in the timing of the movement initiation following ball-release (cf.…”

Section: The Mode Of Delivery Influences the Visual-motor Behaviour Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When intercepting an approaching target (e.g., a ball), existing studies reveal skill-based differences in the eye movement strategies of performers to guide the end effector (e.g., bat or hand) to coincide with the future arrival location of the target (e.g., Marinovic, Plooy, & Tresilian, 2009;Tresilian, 2004b). Historically, the examination of human perceptual-motor control when interacting with the environment has been approached through the exclusive investigation of either measures of gaze (e.g., Abernethy, 1990;Abernethy & Russell, 1984; Chapters 3 and 4; or kinematics (e.g., Chapter 2; Cork et al, 2008;Taliep et al, 2007;Weissensteiner et al, 2011). Although these studies have provided valuable (and at times highly influential) insights into the skilled-based differences that exist during interception, in isolation, however, they could fall short of capturing the true essence of why these differences may exist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interception in the presence of ball-swing: exploring the development of visual-motor expertise in cricket batting

Sarpeshkar¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Precise visual-motor coordination underpins success in fast-ball sports. Previous studies highlight significant differences in both the gaze and kinematic behaviour of skilled and lesser-skilled performers when carrying out interceptive actions (e.g., predictive eye movements and temporal coupling between the body and the hitting implement). However, much of what we know is based largely on studies that adopt case-study designs and/or simplified task environments, making it difficult to generalise the findings to the wider population and to the challenging tasks actually encountered in the performance environment. This is particularly true when seeking to intercept targets that follow a curved or swinging flight-path rather than a straight trajectory. Successful interception in the presence of ball-swing requires remarkable spatio-temporal precision, and helps to test performance at the limits of human performance. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to establish a comprehensive understanding of the development of visual-motor expertise using interception in the presence of ball-swing as a model of a highly demanding interceptive task.The four experimental chapters in this thesis collectively report the findings of one largescale experiment that assessed the visual-motor behaviour of cricket batters in situ. In the experiment, four groups of batters, who systematically differed according to their level of batting skill and age, attempted to hit balls projected by a hybrid 'ProBatter' ball-machine.Crucially, balls travelled at speeds that reflected those experienced during competition and ball-swing was introduced to manipulate task difficulty. Batters wore a portable eye tracking system to record their gaze direction, and high-speed video footage was used to analyse kinematic behaviour.Kinematic behaviours have been shown to underpin success and distinguish batters of different skill levels when hitting a ball. However, little is known about how widely these findings generalise to actions performed in more representative task conditions (e.g., faster ball-speeds and swinging flight-paths). Therefore, the first experimental chapter (Chapter 2) aims to examine the development of timing and movement coordination when hitting a ball in these conditions. Kinematics were compared when batters intercepted balls that followed a (i) straight flight-path only, and (ii) random mixture of straight and swinging flight-paths. Results revealed skill-based differences in interceptive performance when hitting straight balls, with the performance of all batters decreasing in the presence of ballswing (particularly when the ball swung away from the batter). Ball-swing delayed the timing of most key moments in the hitting action, with batters increasing the velocity of bat-III swing to overcome those delays. Knowledge that the ball could swing (hitting straight balls mixed with swinging trajectories) also altered the batting kinematics, highlighting the potential impact of top-down cognitive influences on kinematics and pe...

show abstract

Cricket Batting Stroke Timing of a Batsman When Facing a Bowler and a Bowling Machine (P26)

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Three-dimensional vision analysis to measure the release characteristics of elite bowlers in cricket

Three-dimensional vision analysis to measure the release characteristics of elite bowlers in cricket

Evaluation of an Anthropometric Fast Bowling Machine

Interception in the presence of ball-swing: exploring the development of visual-motor expertise in cricket batting

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About