“…Although they differ in their views of royal power and the degree to which the governing apparatus of pre-Conquest England can be regarded as centralized, both treat pre-Conquest England as a largely functional political community capable of sustaining social hierarchies, redressing crime and other forms of extra-legal violence and preserving a degree of continuity from one generation to the next. It is for this reason that a number of recent studies have sought to take a middle road, recognizing that the crown was supported by a largely stable administrative infrastructure, though one frequently limited by the competing demands of Church, aristocracy and at times even local community (Cubitt, 2007(Cubitt, , 2011Hudson, 2000;Hyams, 2004;Jurasinski, 2015Jurasinski, , 2019Lambert, 2017;Molyneaux, 2015;Rabin, 2007Rabin, , 2020Roach, 2013aRoach, , 2013bRumble, 2013). One might reasonably say that Wormald's thesis has not been so much overturned as moderated.…”