Crime and Social Network Analysis

Carrington, Peter J.

doi:10.4135/9781446294413.n17

Cited by 67 publications

(70 citation statements)

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“…72 Building opportunity theory into a dynamic examination of transnational illicit markets allows for a better understanding of how mechanisms are co-opted by deviant entrepreneurs and how changes in the legal market create opportunity for illicitness. Additionally, network flow theory adds a critical component to the theoretical framework needed to explain the trade process.…”

Section: Continued Theory Buildingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small arms, big guns: a dynamic model of illicit market opportunity

Bichler

Malm

2013

Global Crime

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Transnational illicit markets are deeply embedded within legal trade systems and thus should be affected by shifting market conditions. Applying a stochastic actor-oriented model (SAOM), this study tests whether variation in illicit market opportunity could account for changing relations within the small arms trade (2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008). Measures of market accessibility -changes in export activity, reporting transparency and the percent of the labour force that is armed -outperformed measures of weapon availability with the exception of involvement in armed conflict. Significant structural change in outdegree density and transitivity suggest the development of trade factions, and decreasing balance hints that leaders are emerging. With the pending de-escalation of US-led conflict in the Middle East, a flood of second-hand weaponry is about to enter the market. Continued research is required to further uncover how the legitimate trade infrastructure facilitates the illicit flow of goods.

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Section: Continued Theory Buildingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small arms, big guns: a dynamic model of illicit market opportunity

Bichler

Malm

2013

Global Crime

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“…There are some researchers, who deem the whole field to be rather devoid of theory or primarily driven by data rather than theory (Bright et al, 2012;Carrington, 2011;van der Hulst, 2011). A proper theory should start with the individual action as the individual level is the locus of intentionality (Coleman, 1990;Robins, 2009).…”

Section: Challenges For Criminal Network Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a definition commonly used in social network analysis (SNA). And since all the forms of organisation are based on human interactions and relations, they can be subsumed under networks (Carrington, 2011;von Lampe, 2009). Within this conceptualization, networks capture "the least common denominator" of organized crime -human relations (McIlwain, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Sinister connections: How to analyse organised crime with social network analysis?

Diviák¹

2018

Auc Philosophica Et Historica

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Networks have recently become ubiquitous in many scientific fields. In criminology, social network analysis (SNA) provides a potent tool for analysis of organized crime. This paper introduces basic network terms and measures as well as advanced models and reviews their application in criminological research. The centrality measures -degree and betweenness -are introduced as means to describe relative importance of actors in the network. The centrality measures are useful also in determining strategically positioned actors within the network or providing efficient targets for disruption of criminal networks. The cohesion measures, namely density, centralization, and average geodesic distance are described and their relevance is related to the idea of efficiency-security trade-off. As the last of the basic measures, the attention is paid to subgroup identification algorithms such as cliques, k-plexes, and factions. Subgroups are essential in the discussion on the cell-structure in criminal networks. The following part of the paper is a brief overview of more sophisticated network models. Models allow for theory testing, distinguishing systematic processes from randomness, and simplification of complex network structures. Quadratic assignment procedure, blockmodels, exponential random graph models, and stochastic actor-oriented models are covered. Some important research examples include similarities in co-offending, core-periphery structures, closure and brokerage, and network evolution. Subsequently, the paper reflects the three biggest challenges for application of SNA to criminal settings -data availability, proper formulation of theories and adequate methods application. In conclusion, readers are referred to books and journals combining SNA and criminology as well as to software suitable to carry out SNA.

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“…The idea of social embeddedness has been applied by many authors to organized crime (for reviews, see e.g., Morselli 2009;Carrington 2011). One of the key theoretical improvements of the social embeddedness literature on organized crime is that the traditional question of hierarchical models, such as the bureaucracy model, has been changed.…”

Section: Criminal Network and Social Embeddednessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminal Organization and Transnational Crime

Kleemans

2015

Histories of Transnational Crime

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Crime and Social Network Analysis

Cited by 67 publications

References 0 publications

Small arms, big guns: a dynamic model of illicit market opportunity

Small arms, big guns: a dynamic model of illicit market opportunity

Sinister connections: How to analyse organised crime with social network analysis?

Criminal Organization and Transnational Crime

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