Crime concentrations and similarities in spatial crime patterns in a Brazilian context

Melo, Silas Nogueira de; Matias, Lindon Fonseca; Andresen, Martin A.

doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2015.05.012

Cited by 88 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Yet most of our understanding of crime's concentration comes from the United States, or structurally and ecologically similar places (Andresen and Linning 2012;Melo et al 2015;Weisburd and Amram 2014). Relying on such findings to generalize to non-Western contexts may be untenable without direct empirical tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Do Crime Hot Spots Exist in Developing Countries? Evidence from India

Mazeika

2016

J Quant Criminol

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Objectives To determine whether concentrations of crime documented in American cities such as Boston, Jacksonville, Minneapolis, Sacramento, and Seattle generalize to unique environments such as India.Methods Two years of motor vehicle theft (MVT) and burglary incidents from two police stations in Jaipur, India are analyzed. The degree to which crime clusters is documented using nearest neighborhood hierarchical clustering (NNHC). These results are compared to several widely cited studies documenting concentrations in the United States. ResultsThe NNHC procedure identified five MVT hot spots, which accounted for just .09 % of the two station's land, but over 13 % of these incidents, and four burglary hot spots, which accounted for less than 1 % of its land, but nearly 23 % of the incidents.Conclusions Given the stark differences in the built environment and sociological makeup of Jaipur, a better understanding of the forces that cause crime to concentrate to a high degree needs to be discerned before implementing law-enforcement driven policies derived from the scholarship of American cities. Additional research should also seek to replicate not just the degree to which crime clusters in these unique environments, but also its stability over time and micro place variation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Do Crime Hot Spots Exist in Developing Countries? Evidence from India

Mazeika

2016

J Quant Criminol

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“…Aggregating different crime types is inappropriate in spatial pattern analysis [43]. For instance, the spatial patterns of commercial BNE and residential BNE can be very different.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Influences of Tree Coverage and Road Density on Property Crime

Chen

2018

IJGI

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With the development of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), crime mapping has become an effective approach for investigating the spatial pattern of crime in a defined area. Understanding the relationship between crime and its surrounding environment reveals possible strategies for reducing crime in a neighborhood. The relationship between vegetation density and crime has long been under debate. The convenience of a road network is another important factor that can influence a criminal's selection of locations. This research is conducted to investigate the correlations between tree coverage and property crime, and road density and property crime in the City of Vancouver. High spatial resolution airborne LiDAR data and road network data collected in 2013 were used to extract tree covered areas for cross-sectional analysis. The independent variables were inserted into Ordinary Least-Squares (OLS) regression, Spatial Lag regression, and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models to examine their relationships to property crime rates. The results of the cross-sectional analysis provide statistical evidence that there are negative correlations between property crime rates and both tree coverage and road density, with the stronger correlations occurring around Downtown Vancouver.

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“…This has led to Weisburd et al (2012) to refer to the law of crime concentration at places. From the perspective of crime concentrations, the general result is that 5 % of micro-places (most often street segments) account for 50 % of criminal activity; this result has been found in many cities around the world (Andresen and Linning 2012;Andresen et al 2016;Melo et al 2015;Sherman et al 1989;Weisburd 2015;Weisburd and Amram 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In research investigating spatial crime concentrations in TelAviv-Jaffa, Israel in 2010, Weisburd and Amram (2014) found that 50 % of crime occurred on 4.5 % of street segments and all crime could be accounted for by considering 36.8 % of street segments. Lastly, in Campinas, Brazil considering various forms of robbery and theft (commercial, residential, vehicle, street, and public transportation), Melo et al (2015) found that 50 % of crime is accounted for by 0.1-3.66 % of street segments 2010-2013.…”

Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%