Crime, unemployment, and social structures of accumulation: An inquiry into historical contingency

Carlson, Susan M.; Michalowski, Raymond J.

doi:10.1080/07418829700093311

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In both Carlson and Michalowski (1997) and the present study, Chow tests support the model of periodization proposed. However, we urge caution in interpreting these results based on our finding that almost every potential breakpoint was significant.…”

Section: Alternative Model Of Periodizationsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The Chow test results supported the models of structural change proposed by both Carlson and Michalowski (1997) (1933-1947, 1948-1966, 1967-1979, 1980 and the present study . To enhance our understanding of the breakpoints, we replicated their results using 1933 to 1992 data and tested the significance of the breakpoints between each period as well as breakpoints for 5 years in either direction.…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

“…Attempts to test an alternative mode of periodization, specified by Carlson and Michalowski (1997) in a recent study of the unemployment-crime relationship, lend further empirical support to our model of two contextually distinct historical periods. Our failure to find significant differences in the unemployment-homicide relationship during the latter three Fordist periods (i.e., 1948-1966, 1967-1979, 1980-1992) suggests continuity during this time rather than discontinuity marked by historical contingencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Decommodification and Homicide Rates in the 20th-Century United States

Batton

Jensen

2002

Homicide Studies

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This study uses time-series regression techniques to examine the impact of decommodification on homicide rates in the United States from the institutional anomie perspective. Although recent studies have examined the impact of decommodification on cross-national variations in homicide rates, little attention has been paid to historical trends in this relationship. Our findings support institutional anomie theory when decommodification is conceptualized as a historically variant and contextual variable. No support was found for more intricate specifications measuring annual variation in the level of decommodification, and no support was found for alternative modes of periodization. Finally, the results also point to a temporal shift in the correlates of homicide rates between the two distinct historical periods, and the results have methodological implications for conducting time-series analyses.

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Section: Alternative Model Of Periodizationsupporting

confidence: 86%

supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Decommodification and Homicide Rates in the 20th-Century United States

Batton

Jensen

2002

Homicide Studies

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“…Closely related to the strain tradition, and partially derived from critical and Marxist perspectives on crime, the link between crime and socioeconomic disadvantage is predicated on social changes due to industrial restructuring (or deindustrialization). This results in increased crime rates across macrostructural units (including states, counties, and cities) via high unemployment rates (Carlson and Michalowski 1997;Grant and Martinez 1997) or more general economic deprivation (Shihadeh and Ousey 1998). A consistent theme in this literature is the "fragmentation" and "isolation" of many U.S. communities due to deindustrialization (more on this below).…”

Section: Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Homicidementioning

confidence: 84%

Social Isolation and Lethal Violence Across the Metro/Nonmetro Divide: The Effects of Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Poverty Concentration on Homicide*

2003

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This study extends the macro-level criminological research tradition by examining the links between socioeconomic disadvantage, poverty concentration, and homicide in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan U.S. counties. Most research in this tradition has tested structural theories using urban areas as the unit of analysis. This "urban bias" has resulted in a limited understanding of the social forces driving violence in nonmetropolitan areas. To partially address this problem, we link the literature on the spatial and social organization of nonmetropolitan communities with the social isolation perspective from the urban poverty literature. We hypothesize that the spatial concentration of poverty drives up rates of homicide in both metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas regardless of levels of socioeconomic disadvantage. Negative binomial regression for 1,746 nonmetropolitan and 778 metropolitan counties suggest that both socioeconomic disadvantage and poverty concentration elevate homicide in metropolitan areas. However, in nonmetropolitan counties only socioeconomic disadvantage has a significant impact. We conclude by discussing the implications of these differential findings for the social isolation perspective.

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“…Siren (2002) evaluated the extent to which different social indicators could explain changes in assaults and concluded that long-term increases in assault incidents reflected high detection rates, shifts in demographics, migration, urbanization, unemployment, and alcohol consumption. Carlson and Michalowski (1997) attributed the high rates of assault and violent crimes during the Great Depression, and the 1970s stagflation in the U.S. to structural unemployment. Although the unemployment-crime nexus appears well established, the current consensus is that, any such relationship is shaped not merely by the fact of unemployment, but by its social meaning within developmental stages.…”

Section: Literature and Theoretical Reviewmentioning

confidence: 97%

Interpersonal violent crime in Ghana: The case of assault in Accra

Appiahene-Gyamfi¹

2007

Journal of Criminal Justice

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Crime, unemployment, and social structures of accumulation: An inquiry into historical contingency

Cited by 42 publications

References 34 publications

Decommodification and Homicide Rates in the 20th-Century United States

Decommodification and Homicide Rates in the 20th-Century United States

Social Isolation and Lethal Violence Across the Metro/Nonmetro Divide: The Effects of Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Poverty Concentration on Homicide*

Interpersonal violent crime in Ghana: The case of assault in Accra

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