Criminal justice involvement and high school completion

Hjalmarsson, Randi

doi:10.1016/j.jue.2007.04.003

Cited by 184 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…One problem is that criminal activity may influence educational attainment, resulting in reverse causation (Hjalmarsson 2008). Another is that unobserved individual characteristics affecting both educational attainment and crime might bias the attendance and eligibility effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Eligibility for Tertiary Education Affect Crime Rates? Quasi-Experimental Evidence

Nordin

2017

J Quant Criminol

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Objectives This paper estimates the effect of tertiary education eligibility on crime in Sweden. The hypothesis tested is that continuing to higher education decreases crime rates since it allows young people to escape inactivity and idleness, which are known to trigger crime. However, to qualify for tertiary education, individuals have to meet the eligibility requirements in upper-secondary school. Tertiary education eligibility may therefore affect crime rates.Methods This paper uses a panel data set of 287 Swedish municipalities over the period 1998-2010 to estimate the tertiary education eligibility effect on crime. However, estimating educational effects on crime is challenging, because investment in education is an endogenous decision. In Sweden, substantial grade inflation, increased tertiary education eligibility by more than 6% points between 1998 and 2003. Thus, since the eligibility increase is exogenous to the educational achievements of a student cohort, i.e. not accompanied by a corresponding knowledge increase, we can use the increase to identify the effect of tertiary education eligibility on crime.Results It is found that increasing the tertiary education eligibility rate decreases both property and violent crime substantially. ConclusionsThe results show that when young people have the opportunity to attend tertiary education, and thus escape unemployment or inactivity, their propensity to commit crime decreases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Eligibility for Tertiary Education Affect Crime Rates? Quasi-Experimental Evidence

Nordin

2017

J Quant Criminol

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“…Furthermore, little is known about the effects of alternative sanctions on young offenders' future outcomes. Studies of juvenile court involvement and incarceration have documented substantial negative effects on educational attainments (Aizer and Doyle 2015;Hjalmarsson 2008;Sweeten 2006). Therefore, it is important to obtain knowledge about whether non-custodial sanctions like EM interrupt young adults' educational course to a lesser extent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational Outcomes After Serving with Electronic Monitoring: Results from a Natural Experiment

Larsen

2016

J Quant Criminol

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Objectives The paper explores the effects of electronic monitoring (EM) on young offenders' educational outcomes and contributes to the evaluation of EM as a non-custodial sanction with a new outcome measure. MethodsThe study is based on a natural experiment exploiting a reform in Denmark in 2006 introducing electronic monitoring to all offenders under the age of 25 with a maximum prison sentence of 3 months. Information on program participation is used to estimate instrument variable models in order to assess the causal effects of EM on young offenders' educational outcomes. The empirical analyses are based on a comprehensive longitudinal dataset (n = 1013) constructed from multiple official administrative registers and including a high number of covariates.Results The EM-program increases the completion rates of upper secondary education by 18 % points among program participants 3 years post-release. The EM-program includes house arrest under electronic surveillance, labor market or education participation, unannounced drug and alcohol tests and a crime preventive program. It is not possible to separate the treatment effects of the different program elements in the empirical analyses.

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“…For example, delinquency may affect schooling through the time constraint if time spent in delinquency reduces time spent studying. In addition, if delinquent behavior spills over into the classroom, it may result in lowered teacher expectations, suspension or expulsion from school, and increased surveillance and monitoring of delinquent students which may be perceived as harassment (Hjalmarsson, 2008;Kupchik, 2010;Segal, 2013). Less time spent studying or attending classes, and an increased level of animosity due to perceived differential treatment by teachers is likely to result in lower academic achievement and an early exit from school.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, arrests and incarceration in youth are found to reduce educational attainment (Hjalmarsson, 2008;Webbink et al, 2013;Kirk and Sampson, 2013;Aizer and Doyle Jr, 2015), while school attendance decreases contemporaneous arrests, reported incidences of crime, and prosecutions for property crime (Jacob and Lefgren, 2003;Luallen, 2006;Berthelon and Kruger, 2011;Anderson, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bad Behavior: Delinquency, Arrest and Early School Leaving

2015

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. Terms of use: Documents in D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author.IZA Discussion Paper No. 9248 August 2015 ABSTRACTBad Behavior: Delinquency, Arrest and Early School Leaving * In this paper we investigate the effects of delinquency and arrest on school leaving using information on males from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997. We use a multivariate mixed proportional hazard framework in order to account for common unobserved confounders and reverse causality. Our key finding is that delinquency as well as arrest leads to early school leaving. Further investigation reveals that the effect of delinquency is largely driven by income generating crimes, and the effect of both income generating crime and arrest are greater when onset occurs at younger ages. These findings are consistent with a criminal capital accumulation mechanism. On the basis of our sample, we show that taking into account the proportion of young men affected by delinquency and arrest, that the overall reduction in education due to delinquency is at least as large as the reduction due to arrest. This highlights the need for crime prevention efforts to extend beyond youth who come into contact with the justice system. JEL Classification:C4, I2, K4, D0

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Criminal justice involvement and high school completion

Cited by 184 publications

References 33 publications

Does Eligibility for Tertiary Education Affect Crime Rates? Quasi-Experimental Evidence

Does Eligibility for Tertiary Education Affect Crime Rates? Quasi-Experimental Evidence

Educational Outcomes After Serving with Electronic Monitoring: Results from a Natural Experiment

Bad Behavior: Delinquency, Arrest and Early School Leaving

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