Criminal recidivism in offenders with personality disorders and substance use disorders over 8years of time at risk

Walter, Marc; Wiesbeck, Gerhard A.; Dittmann, Volker; Graf, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.08.009

Cited by 46 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Personality problems are also prevalent (Nederlof, van der Ham, Dingemans, & Oei, 2010). Detained adolescents with mental health problems are at increased risk of a range of adverse outcomes including premature mortality, suicide and death from other causes Rodway, Norrington-Moore, While et al, 2011), drug and alcohol problems (Chassin, Knight, Vargas-Chanes, Losoya, & Naranjo, 2009;McClelland, Elkington, Teplin, & Abram, 2004;Neighbors, Kempton, & Forehand, 1992;Palmer, Jinks, & Hatcher, 2010;Sacks et al, 2009), and increased rates of reoffending (Hollander & Turner, 1985;Ramchand, Morral, & Becker, 2009;Walter, Wiesbeck, Dittmann, & Graf, 2011). Thus, documenting the extent of psychiatric morbidity in different juvenile justice settings can assist in service development, setting priorities for funding, resource allocation, and treatment interventions (Brink, 2005;Quinn & Shera, 2009;Rodway, Norrington-Moore, Appleby, & Shaw, 2011;Sirdifield, Gojkovic, Brooker, & Ferriter, 2009).…”

Section: Psychiatric Disorders In Adolescent Boys In Detention: a Prementioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric disorders in adolescent boys in detention: a preliminary prevalence and case–control study in two Chinese provinces

Zhou¹,

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2012

Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology

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We investigated the mental health of 232 consecutive receptions of juvenile boys aged 15-17 years in youth detention centers of two Chinese provinces and compared with juveniles in community settings. Interviews were conducted by psychiatrists using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children to diagnose DSM-IV psychiatric disorders. Of the 232 boys in detention, 188 (81.0%) met criteria for any psychiatric disorder, with 186 (80.2%) having a disruptive behavior disorder and 52 (22.4%) having a substance use disorder (SUD). High levels of comorbidity were observed with 38.8% being diagnosed with at least two disorders. The high absolute and relative risks of psychiatric disorders and SUDs suggest that the identification and treatment of such disorders in juvenile detention is a priority for service development.

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Section: Psychiatric Disorders In Adolescent Boys In Detention: a Prementioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric disorders in adolescent boys in detention: a preliminary prevalence and case–control study in two Chinese provinces

Zhou¹,

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2012

Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology

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“…A history of substance use repeatedly has been reported as a predictor of committing new offenses [8,10], and in a large meta-analysis [8], other predictors of general criminal recidivism were previous criminal history and previous violent behaviour, although a violent index crime was rather associated with a lower risk of recidivism. Other predictors were, among others, psychiatric hospital admissions, poor living conditions, male gender, younger age, and antisocial personality disorder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the role of substance use in the prediction of criminal recidivism has been quite clearly demonstrated [8,10], there are more limited data describing how this is related to different types of substance use patterns. Bonta and colleagues [8] showed that the increased risk of recidivism was more pronounced for drugs than for alcohol, and in treatment participants in Australia, it was reported that criminal recidivism was more common in users of other drugs than cannabis, with a higher risk reported for heroin users than for methamphetamine users [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for criminal recidivism – a prospective follow-up study in prisoners with substance abuse

2012

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BackgroundSubstance use in general has been shown to predict criminal recidivism. The present study aimed to examine potential predictors of criminal recidivism, including substance-specific substance use patterns, in prisoners with substance use.MethodsA cohort of prisoners with substance use problems (N = 4,152) were assessed with the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) in the Swedish criminal justice system. Clients were followed for an average of 2.7 years. Criminal recidivism was defined as any return to the criminal justice system.ResultsDuring follow-up, 69 percent (n = 2,862) returned to the criminal justice system. Recidivism was associated with amphetamine and heroin use, with an additive risk for injectors, and with polysubstance use. Also, recidivism was negatively associated with alcohol, other opioids than heroin/methadone and with hallucinogenic drugs, and positively associated with previous psychiatric in-patient treatment, violent behaviour, and with a shorter index sentence. Associations remained when controlling for type of crime.ConclusionsEven when controlling for type and severity of crime, and for psychiatric problems, risk of criminal relapse was increased by substance use variables, including amphetamine, heroin and polysubstance use, and an additional risk was shown for injection drug users. These findings have implications for the need for substance abuse treatment after release from prison.

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“…Furthermore, research findings in clinical and community samples of young people show that the presence of PD worsens long-term prognosis of co-morbid Axis I disorders [28], and is associated with impulsive violence and completed suicide [29], substance abuse [30], elevated risk of development of major mental disorders, suicidality in adulthood [31,32], and significant psychosocial impairments and distress [33,34]. In offender populations, PD in adolescence is associated with elevated risk of premature and unnatural death [9], and, in adult prison populations, criminal recidivism and violence [35,36]. Taken together, these data suggest that there is much to be gained from the early detection of PD among young offenders and the provision of targeted early intervention programmes [37,38], at a time when personality is presumably more malleable [33,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for personality disorder in incarcerated adolescent boys: preliminary validation of an adolescent version of the standardised assessment of personality – abbreviated scale (SAPAS-AV)

Kongerslev

Moran

Bo³

et al. 2012

BMC Psychiatry

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BackgroundPersonality disorder (PD) is associated with significant functional impairment and an elevated risk of violent and suicidal behaviour. The prevalence of PD in populations of young offenders is likely to be high. However, because the assessment of PD is time-consuming, it is not routinely assessed in this population. A brief screen for the identification of young people who might warrant further detailed assessment of PD could be particularly valuable for clinicians and researchers working in juvenile justice settings.MethodWe adapted a rapid screen for the identification of PD in adults (Standardised Assessment of Personality – Abbreviated Scale; SAPAS) for use with adolescents and then carried out a study of the reliability and validity of the adapted instrument in a sample of 80 adolescent boys in secure institutions. Participants were administered the screen and shortly after an established diagnostic interview for DSM-IV PDs. Nine days later the screen was readministered.ResultsA score of 3 or more on the screening interview correctly identified the presence of DSM-IV PD in 86% of participants, yielding a sensitivity and specificity of 0.87 and 0.86 respectively. Internal consistency was modest but comparable to the original instrument. 9-days test-retest reliability for the total score was excellent. Convergent validity correlations with the total number of PD criteria were large.ConclusionThis study provides preliminary evidence of the validity, reliability, and usefulness of the screen in secure institutions for adolescent male offenders. It can be used in juvenile offender institutions with limited resources, as a brief, acceptable, staff-administered routine screen to identify individuals in need of further assessment of PD or by researchers conducting epidemiological surveys.

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Criminal recidivism in offenders with personality disorders and substance use disorders over 8years of time at risk

Cited by 46 publications

References 17 publications

Psychiatric disorders in adolescent boys in detention: a preliminary prevalence and case–control study in two Chinese provinces

Psychiatric disorders in adolescent boys in detention: a preliminary prevalence and case–control study in two Chinese provinces

Risk factors for criminal recidivism – a prospective follow-up study in prisoners with substance abuse

Screening for personality disorder in incarcerated adolescent boys: preliminary validation of an adolescent version of the standardised assessment of personality – abbreviated scale (SAPAS-AV)

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