Criminality and platelet monoamine oxidase activity in former juvenile delinquents as adults

Alm, Per; Alm, M.; Humble, Kristina; Leppert, Jerzy; Sörensen, Stefan; Lidberg, Lars; Oreland, Lars

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01483.x

Cited by 39 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In summary, it has been suggested that platelet MAO-B activity might add predictive validity and clinical accuracy in forensic psychiatric settings [68] . This study did not support such an assumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet Monoamine Oxidase B Activity Did Not Predict Destructive Personality Traits or Violent Recidivism: A Prospective Study in Male Forensic Psychiatric Examinees

Gustavson

Wass²,

Månsson³

et al. 2010

Neuropsychobiology

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Aims: This prospective study was designed to replicate previous findings of an association between the platelet monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) activity and factors of relevance for criminal behaviour in a well-documented clinical study population. Methods: Subjects (n = 77, aged 17–76 years, median 30 years) were recruited among consecutive perpetrators of severe interpersonal violent and/or sexual crimes referred to forensic psychiatric investigation. Participants were extensively investigated by structured psychiatric, psychological and social workups, including state-of-the-art rating instruments and official records, and with laboratory tests including venous blood sampling for determination of MAO-B activity. A subset of 36 individuals had lumbar punctures to measure cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of monoamine neurotransmitter metabolites. Results: Platelet MAO-B activity did not show any significant correlation with assessments of childhood behavioural disorders, substance abuse, or psychosocial adversity, nor with any crime-related factors, such as scores on the Life History of Aggression Scale, the Psychopathy Checklist or recidivistic violent crime. No significant correlation was found between MAO-B and any of the monoamine metabolites. Analyses in subgroups of smokers/non-smokers did not change this overall result. Conclusions: The findings of the present study did not support the use of MAO-B as a biological marker for aggression-related personality traits or as a predictor for violent recidivism among violent offenders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet Monoamine Oxidase B Activity Did Not Predict Destructive Personality Traits or Violent Recidivism: A Prospective Study in Male Forensic Psychiatric Examinees

Gustavson

Wass²,

Månsson³

et al. 2010

Neuropsychobiology

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show abstract

“…However, especially hyperactive behavior in childhood/adolescence has been found to be one of the more influential prestages of adult psychosocial disturbances and in particular psychopathy (af Klinteberg, 1996(af Klinteberg, , 1997Lynam, 1998;Satterfield, 1987). Hyperactivity has furthermore been found to be associated with certain dysfunctioning psychobiological underlying mechanisms (af Klinteberg & Oreland, 1995;Shaywitz, Shaywitz, Cohen, & Young, 1984), interestingly also found in groups of psychopathic criminals (Alm et al, 1994;Garpenstrand et al, 2002;Lidberg, Modin, Oreland, Tuck, & Gillner, 1985).…”

Section: Hyperactivity In Childhood and Pursuant Psychopathic Traits mentioning

confidence: 93%

Are Negative Social and Psychological Childhood Characteristics of Significant Importance in the Development of Psychosocial Dysfunctioning?

Freidenfelt

Klinteberg

2003

International Journal of Forensic Mental Health

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The development of mental health from childhood to adulthood, as well as the associations between childhood hyperactive and non-hyperactive behavior versus adult psychopathic traits, were studied. The central target of examination was to focus on the importance of social and psychological risk characteristics in the psychosocial development of criminal risk individuals and a comparison group. Prospective longitudinal data from the research program ‘Young Lawbreakers as Adults’ were used. Childhood maltreatment, poor friendships and adjustment problems were found to precede deterioration in mental health over the life span. Hyperactive individuals characterized by poor friendships and a display of aggression affects showed psychopathic traits in adulthood. Non-hyperactive individuals, also displaying psychopathic traits in adulthood, were instead found to have been maltreated and displayed adjustment difficulties in childhood. The results, indicating individual different needs of vulnerable children in the development of psychosocial dysfunctioning, were discussed in terms of the elaboration of preventive efforts within the area of youth and antisocial behavior.

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“…A marked negative relationship exists between CSF 5-HIAA and MOA-activity on the one hand and the degree of sensation-seeking and psychopathic impulsivity on the other (Alm et al 1994;Dolan 1994). There is an association between low serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) function and aggressive behavior (Dolan 1994).…”

Section: Neurobiological Psychological and Social Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moral and Ethical Capacities of the Psychopath

Martens¹

2004

The Variables of Moral Capacity

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Little is known about the moral and ethical abilities of the psychopath. Until now the biological components of ethical and moral development and performance are frequently left out of consideration. A large number of studies demonstrated that, in many cases, moral and ethical functions can be determined by psychosocial factors. Other investigations uncovered, however, that in some antisocial and psychopathic patients the moral and ethical abnormalities and related emotional dysfunctions are caused by neurological dysfunctions. Other examinations revealed environmental and genetic aspects of ethics and morality. In many cases, an interaction between biological, psychological, and social variables will be involved in the etiology of ethical and moral dysfunctions. The results of empirical, neurological, and philosophical investigations and relevant case studies suggested that antisocial and psychopathic personality disorders and related ethical, moral, and emotional abnormalities can be explained most comprehensively with the use of the biopsychosocial model. Biopsychosocial dysfunctions can also have adverse influences upon rationality, responsibility, empathy, and free-will -all ethical and moral significant abilities -of the psychopath. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIAThere are various diagnostic systems that reflect the different concepts of psychopathy. Although the definitions of psychopathic, antisocial, and dyssocial personality disorders are related to each other in a high degree, there is no complete overlap. Despite the same basic set of characteristics -such as, irresponsibility, egocentricity, lack of conscience, social maladjustment, poor development of

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Criminality and platelet monoamine oxidase activity in former juvenile delinquents as adults

Cited by 39 publications

References 23 publications

Platelet Monoamine Oxidase B Activity Did Not Predict Destructive Personality Traits or Violent Recidivism: A Prospective Study in Male Forensic Psychiatric Examinees

Platelet Monoamine Oxidase B Activity Did Not Predict Destructive Personality Traits or Violent Recidivism: A Prospective Study in Male Forensic Psychiatric Examinees

Are Negative Social and Psychological Childhood Characteristics of Significant Importance in the Development of Psychosocial Dysfunctioning?

Moral and Ethical Capacities of the Psychopath

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