Crinum glaucum Bulb Extract Improves the Lipid Profile of Endotoxin-Induced Wistar Rats

Abstract

Background and Objective: Medicinal plants are widely known as sources of potential that are used in traditional medicine. The effect of Crinum glaucum (C. glaucum) aqueous extract on the lipid profile of endotoxin-induced rats was evaluated.
 Methodology: Fifty Wistar rats (male and female) were divided randomly into five groups (n = 5). Group 1 is the control group. Group 2 was administered C. glaucum aqueous extract (1000 mg/kg body weight). Group 3 was endotoxin-induced with 1 ml/kg body weight single dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 4 hours. Group 4 was given LPS (4 hours) and treated with C. glaucum aqueous extract. Group 5 was administered C. glaucum aqueous extract, LPS, and C. glaucum aqueous extract. At the end of administration, blood and organs (brain, heart, lungs, liver, and kidney) were harvested for the lipid profile (triglyceride, cholesterol, and phospholipid) assay analysis using a spectrophotometric method.
 Results: The reduction of cholesterol, triglyceride, and phospholipid concentrations is the hallmark of endotoxin, as revealed in this study. While C. glaucum administration significantly (p<0.05) reduced cholesterol concentrations, there was an up- or down-regulation of triglyceride and phospholipid concentrations in the male compartments compared to the control. A similar trend was observed in the female compartment. Data also revealed that while LPS causes a reduction in lipid profiles, the administration of C. glaucum reverses the effect.
 Conclusion: The findings of the research suggest that C. glaucum has an ameliorative and therapeutic effect in improving lipid dysfunctions.

Therapeutic Role of Crinum glaucum Bulb against Haematological and Hepatic Enzyme Alterations in a Rat Model

“…The Crinum glaucum plant material (bulbs) was purchased, authenticated, an aqueous extract prepared, and refrigerated, as well as the toxicity (LD 50 ), as described in our previous study [8].…”

“…The preparation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was done according to the preparations of Ogunrinola et al [8], and Rotimi et al [3].…”

“…Long-term liver damage that is not treated leads to cirrhosis and eventually death. Due to the unaffordability of treatment and the various drug side effects, the use of medicinal plants as an alternative therapy for pathologies is being considered now, even though sufficient scientific research is needed to confirm their efficacy [8][9][10]. The phytochemicals present in plants have a high number of biological properties, which validate their benefits and effects on a lot of metabolic disorders [11,12].…”

“…Crinum glaucum (CG) belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family, which possesses compounds with biological activities that can be developed into drugs [13][14][15][16]. Traditional medicine has used CG for several diseases such as cough, asthma, malaria, convulsions, and sexually transmitted diseases, among others [8,17,18]. The previous pharmacological studies have shown that the aqueous extract of CG has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-anaphylactic, and anti-allergic activities, an effect on gastrointestinal smooth muscles, choline esterase inhibitory properties [18,19], and improves the lipid profile [8].…”

“…Traditional medicine has used CG for several diseases such as cough, asthma, malaria, convulsions, and sexually transmitted diseases, among others [8,17,18]. The previous pharmacological studies have shown that the aqueous extract of CG has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-anaphylactic, and anti-allergic activities, an effect on gastrointestinal smooth muscles, choline esterase inhibitory properties [18,19], and improves the lipid profile [8]. There is, however, insufficient information regarding the mechanism of action of treatment with an aqueous extract of Crinum glaucum bulb in disorders of blood and hepatoxicity.…”