CRISPR-Cas Biology and Its Application to Infectious Diseases

Strich, Jeffrey R; Chertow, Daniel S.

doi:10.1128/jcm.01307-18

Cited by 112 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The success of fecal microbiome transplants may someday require companion, real-time metagenomic characterization of donor stool as well as post-microbiome engraftment analyses [78]. Similarly, phage therapy, with or without CRISPR-Cas9 strategies, to combat highly antimicrobial resistant bacteria may require metagenomic analyses to assess efficacy [79,80].…”

Section: Additional Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appropriate Use and Future Directions of Molecular Diagnostic Testing

Graf

Pancholi

2020

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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Purpose of Review Major technologic advances in two main areas of molecular infectious disease diagnostics have resulted in accelerated adoption or ordering, outpacing implementation, and clinical utility studies. Physicians must understand the limitations to and appropriate utilization of these technologies in order to provide cost-effective and well-informed care for their patients. Recent Findings Rapid molecular testing and, to a lesser degree, clinical metagenomics are now being routinely used in clinical practice. While these tests allow for a breadth of interrogation not possible with conventional microbiology, they pose new challenges for diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship programs. This review will summarize the most recent literature on these two categories of technologic advances and discuss the few studies that have looked at utilization and stewardship approaches. This review also highlights the future directions for both of these technologies. Summary The appropriate utilization of rapid molecular testing and clinical metagenomics has not been well established. More studies are needed to assess their prospective impacts on patient management and antimicrobial stewardship efforts as the future state of infectious disease diagnostics will see continued expansion of these technologic advances.

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Section: Additional Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appropriate Use and Future Directions of Molecular Diagnostic Testing

Graf

Pancholi

2020

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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“…143,144 CRISPR (clustered regularly inter-spaced short palindromic repeats) and the related CRISPRassociated (Cas) proteins have also been investigated as potential therapeutics for highly resistant gram-negative infections specifically targeting bla NDM-1 -producing organisms. 145,146 Furthermore, there has been a resurgence of interest in the use of phage (viruses that lyse bacterial targets). A recent systematic review has concluded that phage therapy is effective and safe based on the limited publications to date, but more data are needed as challenges in manufacturing and the regulatory process remain.…”

Section: Inhaled Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difficult-to-Treat Antibiotic-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens in the Intensive Care Unit: Epidemiology, Outcomes, and Treatment

Strich

Kadri

2019

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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Antibiotic resistance among gram-negative pathogens is a world-wide problem that poses a constant threat to patients in the intensive care unit and a therapeutic challenge for the intensivist. Furthermore, the substantial economic burden and increased mortality associated with infections due to highly resistant gram-negative pathogens exacerbate these challenges. Understanding the mechanisms, epidemiology, and risk factors for these infections is paramount to the successful control of outbreaks and for guiding therapy which often entails use of antibiotics with suboptimal efficacy and/or toxicity profiles. In this review we will discuss the global epidemiology, burden, risk factors, and treatment of highly resistant gram-negative infections as they apply to the intensive care population.

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“…applied to design antimicrobials working by targeting specic DNA sequences related to antibiotic resistance, biolm formation and virulence. [165][166][167] These CRISPR-Cas antimicrobials function by destroying the DNA through chromosomal cleavage by using the RNA-guided nuclease Cas9, selectively killing the target DNA-harbouring bacteria. Although recent studies have proven the effectiveness of CRISPRs, the lack of an efficient delivery vehicle remains to be one of the major barriers for translating CRISPR-Cas system into a suitable antimicrobial agent for human medicine.…”

Section: Perspectives Of Lchnpsmentioning

confidence: 99%