CRISPR genome editing and its medical applications

Mahmoudian-Sani, Mohammad-Reza; Farnoosh, Gholamreza; Mahdavinezhad, Ali; Saidijam, Massoud

doi:10.1080/13102818.2017.1406823

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Complex algorithms and health apps will utilise AI and large, linked datasets to adapt all aspects of healthcare to patient subgroups and individuals in order to improve health outcomes. Additional technologies that were not discussed by experts or in the literature, such as the genome editing technique clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) [ 75 ], are also likely to fall under the umbrella of precision medicine as their application in healthcare is developed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Precision Medicine: Potential Impacts for Health Technology Assessment

et al. 2018

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ObjectivePrecision medicine allows healthcare interventions to be tailored to groups of patients based on their disease susceptibility, diagnostic or prognostic information, or treatment response. We analysed what developments are expected in precision medicine over the next decade and considered the implications for health technology assessment (HTA) agencies.MethodsWe performed a pragmatic literature search to account for the large size and wide scope of the precision medicine literature. We refined and enriched these results with a series of expert interviews up to 1 h in length, including representatives from HTA agencies, research councils and researchers designed to cover a wide spectrum of precision medicine applications and research.ResultsWe identified 31 relevant papers and interviewed 13 experts. We found that three types of precision medicine are expected to emerge in clinical practice: complex algorithms, digital health applications and ‘omics’-based tests. These are expected to impact upon each stage of the HTA process, from scoping and modelling through to decision-making and review. The complex and uncertain treatment pathways associated with patient stratification and fast-paced technological innovation are central to these effects.DiscussionInnovation in precision medicine promises substantial benefits but will change the way in which some health services are delivered and evaluated. The shelf life of guidance may decrease, structural uncertainty may increase and new equity considerations will emerge. As biomarker discovery accelerates and artificial intelligence-based technologies emerge, refinements to the methods and processes of evidence assessments will help to adapt and maintain the objective of investing in healthcare that is value for money.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s40273-018-0686-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Precision Medicine: Potential Impacts for Health Technology Assessment

et al. 2018

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“…While genome sequencing helps to dissect the genome and identify its function, by introducing CRISPR, scientists are now able to manipulate genes, create new sequences, and introduce them to the genome, such as the work done on the schistosome genome [88,89]. Recently, gene-editing platforms have emerged as a treatment for parasitic diseases, which can modify the host genes required by the parasite or target the parasitic genes needed for replication [90][91][92]. This system uses Cas9 endonuclease to create a double-strand break (DSB) at a selected locus in the genome.…”

Section: Crispr and Its Application In Parasitologymentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR-Cas Technology: Emerging Applications in Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

et al. 2021

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Through the years, many promising tools for gene editing have been developed including zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9), and homing endonucleases (HEs). These novel technologies are now leading new scientific advancements and practical applications at an inimitable speed. While most work has been performed in eukaryotes, CRISPR systems also enable tools to understand and engineer bacteria. The increase in the number of multi-drug resistant strains highlights a necessity for more innovative approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of infections. CRISPR has given scientists a glimmer of hope in this area that can provide a novel tool to fight against antimicrobial resistance. This system can provide useful information about the functions of genes and aid us to find potential targets for antimicrobials. This paper discusses the emerging use of CRISPR-Cas systems in the fields of clinical microbiology and infectious diseases with a particular emphasis on future prospects.

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“…Compared to the previous systems, CRISPR can deactivate or eliminate a gene without interfering with intracellular mechanisms. The system can be used in the treatment of diseases and in related research by identifying the performance of defective genes in these diseases [129]. However, the search for such recombinant DNA technology and genotyping tools regarding thermophilic microorganisms is in its infancy.…”

Section: Crispr Cas Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the genera Geobacillus and Parageobacillus: their evolution, current taxonomic status and major applications

Najar

Thakur

2020

Microbiology

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The genus Geobacillus , belonging to the phylum Firmicutes, is one of the most important genera and comprises thermophilic bacteria. The genus Geobacillus was erected with the taxonomic reclassification of various Bacillus species. Taxonomic studies of Geobacillus remain in progress. However, there is no comprehensive review of the characteristic features, taxonomic status and study of various applications of this interesting genus. The main aim of this review is to give a comprehensive account of the genus Geobacillus . At present the genus acomprises 25 taxa, 14 validly published (with correct name), nine validly published (with synonyms) and two not validly published species. We describe only validly published species of the genera Geobacillus and Parageobacillus . Vegetative cells of Geobacillus species are Gram-strain-positive or -variable, rod-shaped, motile, endospore-forming, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, obligately thermophilic and chemo-organotrophic. Growth occurs in the pH range 6.08.5 and a temperature of 37–75 °C. The major cellular fatty acids are iso-C15:o, iso-C16:0 and iso-C17:o. The main menaquinone type is MK-7. The G+C content of the DNA ranges between 48.2 and 58 mol%. The genus Geobacillus is widely distributed in nature, being mostly found in many extreme locations such as hot springs, hydrothermal vents, marine trenches, hay composts, etc. Geobacillus species have been widely exploited in various industrial and biotechnological applications, and thus are promising candidates for further studies in the future.

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CRISPR genome editing and its medical applications

Cited by 13 publications

References 62 publications

The Future of Precision Medicine: Potential Impacts for Health Technology Assessment

The Future of Precision Medicine: Potential Impacts for Health Technology Assessment

CRISPR-Cas Technology: Emerging Applications in Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

A systematic review of the genera Geobacillus and Parageobacillus: their evolution, current taxonomic status and major applications

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