Criteria Air Pollutant and Greenhouse Gases Emissions from U.S. Refineries Allocated to Refinery Products

Sun, Pingping; Young, Ben; Elgowainy, Amgad; Lü, Zifeng; Wang, Michael; Morelli, Ben; Hawkins, Troy R.

doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b05870

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A previous investigation into greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions produced from plastic-tofuel technology showed a 96 % reduction in GHG compared to traditional fuel, [39] while another study showed lubricants to produce the most GHGs in U.S. refineries compared to other refinery products. [40] Circumventing GHG emissions from lubricant production in a way similar to plastic-to-fuel technology would thus prove invaluable for combatting environmental challenges. An initial life cycle analysis (LCA) best exemplifies this efficient renewal by highlighting an energy efficiency of 96.9 % given a conceptual plant with 250 Mt per day capabilities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Lubricants Derived from Plastic Waste and their Tribological Performance

et al. 2021

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The energy efficiency, mechanical durability, and environmental compatibility of all moving machine components rely heavily on advanced lubricants for smooth and safe operation. Herein an alternative family of high-quality liquid (HQL) lubricants was derived by the catalytic conversion of pre-and post-consumer polyolefin waste. The plastic-derived lubricants performed comparably to synthetic base oils such as polyalphaolefins (PAOs), both with a wear scar volume (WSV) of 7.5 × 10 À 5 mm À 3 . HQLs also performed superior to petroleum-based lubricants such as Group III mineral oil with a WSV of 1.7 × 10 À 4 mm À 3 , showcasing a 44 % reduction in wear. Furthermore, a synergistic reduction in friction and wear was observed when combining the upcycled plastic lubricant with synthetic oils. Life cycle and techno-economic analyses also showed this process to be energetically efficient and economically feasible. This novel technology offers a cost-effective opportunity to reduce the harmful environmental impact of plastic waste on our planet and to save energy through reduction of friction and wearrelated degradations in transportation applications akin to synthetic oils.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Lubricants Derived from Plastic Waste and their Tribological Performance

et al. 2021

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“…Roughly speaking, the adhesive also belongs to the category of rubber [15], and the adhesive is mainly composed of basic rubber, hardener, filler, coupling agent, catalyst, and so on. With the rapid development of China's real estate, packaging materials, building materials, etc., the amount of glue has increased sharply.…”

Section: Application Of Nano-calcium Carbonate In Adhesivementioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Nano-Calcium Carbonate in the Technology of Improving Road Petroleum Asphalt

Wang

2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Nano-calcium carbonate is a new type of nanomaterial, which has great influence in many fields. In order to explore the influence of nano-calcium carbonate on petroleum asphalt, an experiment was designed to analyze the application of nano-calcium carbonate in improving road petroleum asphalt technology. This article explores the methods of preparing nano-calcium carbonate and petroleum pitch, understands the characteristics of the two materials, and then draws two methods of mixing nano-calcium carbonate and petroleum pitch: one is freezing and disintegrating, and the other is stepwise mixing fusion. In this paper, the fusion-modified asphalt is subjected to grouping experiments on the prediction model and “three indicators.” The experimental results show that with the increase in nano-calcium carbonate, the ductility of the modified asphalt decreases, the softening point increases, and the penetration is 15% reaching the maximum value. Nano-calcium carbonate is very suitable for improving road petroleum asphalt.

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“…Moreover, in a paper about the U.S. refining scenario from 2014 [49], an EF for VOCs was evaluated in a range of 80-110 g/ton (this value was obtained after conversion of the data proposed, which were reported as g/MJ of energy consumed), which in turn is also very similar to the EF proposed here.…”

Section: Estimation Of An Emission Factor (Ef) For Total Voc Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Definition of an Emission Factor for VOC Emitted from Italian and European Refineries

Roveda¹,

Polvara²,

Invernizzi³

et al. 2020

Atmosphere

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Refineries are a major source of atmospheric emissions, which typically include CO, SO2, NOX, particulates, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). There has been an increasing level of attention toward the emissions of VOCs related to their environmental impact as well as their potential to cause adverse effects on human health and the discomfort associated with their unpleasant odor. In general, an emission factor (EF) represents a model for a first order estimate of emissions, which correlates the quantity of pollutant released into the atmosphere with a so-called “activity index” related to the release of that pollutant. Based on the study of the scientific and technical literature regarding the Italian and European refining scenarios, an attempt was made to verify the existence of a correlation between the size of a refinery and the related total VOC emissions. Once this correlation was evaluated, it was possible to develop an emission factor for VOC emissions considering the plant capacity as the related activity index. After collecting and analyzing data concerning operative capacity and total VOCs emitted from 15 refineries in 2018, the resulting emission factor turned out to be equal to 188 ± 166 g per ton of crude oil processed. This value is in agreement with the range of 50–1000 g/ton reported in the European Best Available Techniques Reference Document for the Refining of Mineral Oil and Gas.

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Criteria Air Pollutant and Greenhouse Gases Emissions from U.S. Refineries Allocated to Refinery Products

Cited by 29 publications

References 14 publications

Synthetic Lubricants Derived from Plastic Waste and their Tribological Performance

Synthetic Lubricants Derived from Plastic Waste and their Tribological Performance

The Application of Nano-Calcium Carbonate in the Technology of Improving Road Petroleum Asphalt

Definition of an Emission Factor for VOC Emitted from Italian and European Refineries

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