Critical Analysis of Steganography “An Art of Hidden Writing”

Rashid, Ayesha; Rahim, Muhammad Khurrum

doi:10.14257/ijsia.2016.10.3.24

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Mostly, statistical evaluations are used in this type of measurement e.g. histogram analysis [17].  The quality: it is measured using Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), NC, and BER [11].…”

Section: The Experimental Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Data Hiding in Audio Based on Discrete Cosine Transform and Location Maps

Al-Hooti¹,

Ahmad²

2019

IJIES

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Transmitting information via public networks is prone to illegal attacks. Thus, data hiding is a suitable aspect that is useful to assure information security. Nowadays, multimedia tempering becomes the most variety problem that occurs on public networks. Audio steganography methods aim to hide secret data in an audio file called cover. Many methods in the time domain can hide large data (payload) with relatively low robustness. On the other hand, transformed based frequency algorithms can be more robust but the recovery of the cover audio is not guaranteed. In this paper, we investigate the time and frequency domains and tend to bridge gaps in the area of data hiding with the frequency transformation methods. In addition, we propose a new reversible audio data hiding based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and location maps. This kind of map helps to fully recover both the secret message and the cover file from the stego where the frequency sample values are increased or decreased by 10 in correspondence with the intended bit to be embedded. The experimental results prove that this method is able to hide high payload, and it is also robust since it guarantees 100% the reversibility of both the secret message and the cover audio file. The quality measured by Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is approximately 75 dB, Normalized Correlation (NC) value is 1.000, and Bit Error Rate (BER) is around 0.006. Additionally, this method is able to maintain the quality and invisibility, which may not be achieved by some previous research.

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“…Mostly, statistical evaluations are used in this type of measurement e.g. histogram analysis [17].  The quality: it is measured using Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), NC, and BER [11].…”

Section: The Experimental Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Data Hiding in Audio Based on Discrete Cosine Transform and Location Maps

Al-Hooti¹,

Ahmad²

2019

IJIES

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“…Various methods of steganography have been comprehensively reviewed in [2,3]. The steganography methods are classified based on data embedding algorithms.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stago attacks and requirements of a steganographic system have been comprehensively discussed in [14][15][16]. The steganalysis methods [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] have also been projected to counter many advanced steganographic methods discussed in [2,3]. For telemedicine, such as tele-diagnosis and tele-consultancy services, radiographic images play a vital role.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the classification of radiographic images into ROI and RONI areas, the author considered the manual segmentation method. All the stego-methods have limitations in terms of error types [14], active and passive attacks [15,16], statistical distortion transfer of domain and computational cost [2], and processing time [2,3]. Similarly, the stego systems in telemedicine face the problem of the segmentation of the image into ROI and RONI.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The segmentation of radiographic image into ROI and RONI creates computational overhead [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. The methods discussed in [2,3,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] run the risk of data concealing.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Algorithm for Data Hiding in Radiographic Images and ePHI/R Application

Rashid¹,

Salamat²,

Prasath³

2018

Preprint

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Abstract:Telemedicine is the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for clinical health care from a distance. The exchange of radiographic images and electronic patient health information/records (ePHI/R) for diagnostic purposes has the risk of confidentiality, ownership identity, and authenticity. In this paper, a data hiding technique for ePHI/R is proposed. The color information in the cover image is used for key generation, and stego-images are produced with ideal case. As a result, the whole stego-system is perfectly secure. This method includes the features of watermarking and steganography techniques. The method is applied to radiographic images. For the radiographic images, this method resembles watermarking, which is an ePHI/R data system. Experiments show promising results for the application of this method to radiographic images in ePHI/R for both transmission and storage purpose.

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