“…In this appendix, we give a brief review to obtain the free energy of liquid 3 He using the lowest order constrained variational method based on the cluster expansion of the energy functional (Owen et al, 1977;Modarres, 1997, 1998;Modarres and Bordbar, 1998;Riazi, 2001, 2002;Bordbar, 2002aBordbar, , 2002bBordbar, , 2003Bordbar, , 2004Bordbar and Hashemi, 2002). In this method, We choose a trial many-body wavefunction as…”