Critical contributions to scholarship on women and work: Celebrating 50 years of progress and looking ahead to a new decade

Expectancy Violation Exposes the Hidden Victims of Sexual Harassment

“…Most research indicates that violations of expectancies will generally be viewed negatively. This finding is particularly notable in relation to the violation of gendered norms, such that violations relating to gendered appearance or behaviour tend to result in negative backlash for the violator (Berdahl & Moore, 2006;Burgoon, 2015;Flores et al, 2021).…”

“…Sexual harassment has been linked to numerous adverse organizational and personal outcomes (Choi, 2021;Fitzgerald & Cortina, 2018;Flores, Settles, McGillen, & Davis, 2021;Foster & Fullagar, 2018;Sillito Walker & Bonner, 2021). At the individual level, these include posttraumatic stress disorder; depression; anxiety; and a decrease in job satisfaction, job performance and career opportunities (Clarke, Ford, & Sulsky, 2016;Holland, Rabelo, Gustafson, Seabrook, & Cortina, 2016).…”

“…At the individual level, these include posttraumatic stress disorder; depression; anxiety; and a decrease in job satisfaction, job performance and career opportunities (Clarke, Ford, & Sulsky, 2016;Holland, Rabelo, Gustafson, Seabrook, & Cortina, 2016). Moreover, the ambient effects of sexual harassment in the workplace may affect other employees as a job stressor that may lead to team conflict, negative job attitudes and absenteeism (Flores et al, 2021;Rubino et al, 2018). Further, outcomes valued by organizations, such as organizational commitment, staff turnover, organizational reputation, and financial performance, are negatively affected (Australian Human Rights Commission [AHRC], 2018; Fitzgerald & Cortina, 2018;Foster & Fullagar, 2018).…”

“…However, although still not equal, the modern workplace offers more gender equality than the workplace of the 1970s (Flores et al, 2021;Quick & McFadyen, 2017). This may have resulted in reducing the elements of gender role stereotyping, including the component of physical appearance (specifically, attractiveness) as a trigger to increase the perception of femininity (Goh et al, 2021;Leskinen et al, 2015).…”

An Examination of Similarity between a Costume Designer and a Production Designer: Job Analysis Goes to Hollywood

“…Organizations have often relied on ranking or classifications of jobs, with many efforts—especially in previous decades—to use point factor or factor comparison methods of job evaluation (Belcher & Atchison, 1987; Risher, 2013; Suwarsono et al, 2019). Concerns arise when non-work-related factors, such as gender, race, or age, appear to be related to pay disparities, either within job categories, or across jobs that appear (in some fashion) to be similar (Flores et al, 2021).…”