Critical evaluation of permeation enhancers for oral mucosal drug delivery

Abstract

To optimize the concentration of enhancer to limit its toxicity while facilitating an enhancing effect reproducibly will be a big challenge for future developments. Advances in permeability modulation and formulation with appropriate enhancers can provide for effective and feasible buccal drug delivery for many drugs, which otherwise have to be injected or ingested with water.

Promoting effects of chemical permeation enhancers on insulin permeation across TR146 cell model of buccal epitheliumin vitro

“…Because of buccal mucosa's ability to rapidly recover, the use of various permeation enhancers has been a promising approach toward improving the absorption of insulin across the mucosa. Traditional absorption enhancers, such as bile salts, surfactants, and fatty acids, have been employed to improve the bioavailability of insulin delivered via the transmucosal route, whereas their toxicities to the mucosa limited their further applications (Murakami et al, 1988;Senel and Hincal, 2001;Sohi et al, 2009). Therefore, it is necessary to test the enhancing effects and toxicities of these enhancers to the buccal mucosa and to find some novel, effective, and safe permeation enhancers for buccal insulin delivery.…”

Oral transmucosal drug delivery for pediatric use

“…The accuracy of dosing is therefore a real challenge, since oral mucosal dosage forms may be swallowed or spat out prior to sufficient absorption having taken place. Mucoadhesive polymers and permeation enhancers are commonly employed in the oral transmucosal delivery system to improve the bioavailability [6,[54][55][56].…”

Animal Models of Immunity to Female Genital Tract Infections and Vaccine Development

“…Although immune cells in murine lingual lymphoid tissue resemble those in the skin (Mascarell et al, 2009), the buccal mucosa is 4000 times more permeable than skin (Sohi et al, 2010), facilitating easier access of vaccines. SLI of mice elicits cell-mediated immunity (CD4 and CD8) and mucosal antibody (IgG and IgA) in the genital tract (Cuburu et al, 2007(Cuburu et al, , 2009, and SLI with HPV-like particles protected mice against genital challenge with HPV pseudovirions (Cuburu et al, 2009).…”