Critical examination of the borate fusion technique for spectrochemical trace analysis of geological materials using the d.c. arc

Maessen, F.J.M.J.; Boumans, P.W.J.M.

doi:10.1016/0584-8547(68)80053-9

Cited by 26 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…When HCl and HClO 4 are used, 40 Ar 35 Cl + and 35 Cl 16 O + overlap 75 As + and 51 V + and compromise their determination. This can be overcome by using nitric instead of hydrochloric acid.…”

Section: Mixed Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, 56 Fe + can be resolved from 40 Ar 16 O + , 75 As + can be partially resolved from the "overlapping" 40 Ar 35 Cl + using a mass resolution of 7500, 51 V + can be separated from 35 Cl 16 O + and 37 Cl 14 N + , and 52 Cr + can be resolved from 40 Ar 12 C + .…”

Section: High Resolution Sector Based Mass Spectrometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7.1 DC arc emission spectrometry DC-carbon arc AES offers numerous benefits -direct solids analysis, wide element coverage, minimum sample preparation, and preservation of data for extended periods of time on photoplates. Fundamental studies [72][73][74][75][76] revealed that several processes influence the line intensity; namely thermochemical reactions taking place in the graphite cup, and atomization and excitation processes in the arc plasma. Several approaches have been developed to overcome these effects: The application of slurry nebulization in ICP was pioneered by Ebdon and coworkers [77][78][79][80].…”

Section: Solid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geoanalysis using plasma spectrochemistry ? milestones and future prospects

Brenner

Zander

1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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Highlights of plasma spectrochemistry in geoanalysis are reviewed. The techniques are evaluated in terms of recent instrumental developments, calibration strategies, spectral and matrix interferences and analytical performance. While acid decomposition results in solutions containing low salt contents, this decomposition strategy is inappropriate for numerous sample types due to poor recoveries. On the other hand, alkali fusions result in total decomposition, but solutions containing high salt contents constrain the accuracy due to interference effects in the inductively coupled plasma (ICP), the sample introduction system, and in the quadrupole mass spectrometer interface. Therefore, practical limits of determination are evaluated in terms of salt tolerances. It is concluded that ICP-atomic emission spectrometry (AES) is employed mainly for the accurate determination of the major and minor elements and the more abundant trace elements. On the other hand, ICP-mass spectrometry (MS) is used mainly for the determination of trace elements and together with the possibility of obtaining some isotopic information, it profoundly enhances the capability for solving geochemical problems. Several methods of direct solid sample introduction are described. These include direct current (DC) arc emission spectroscopy (DC-AES), slurry nebulization (SN), spark ablation (SA), laser ablation (LA) and glow discharges (GD). These devices allow direct solid analysis of bulk samples, single minerals and inclusions.

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Section: Mixed Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: High Resolution Sector Based Mass Spectrometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geoanalysis using plasma spectrochemistry ? milestones and future prospects

Brenner

Zander

1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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Analyse des Roches par une Méthode de Fluorescence X comportant une Correction Précise pour l′Effect interélément

Tertian¹,

Géninasca²

1972

X-Ray Spectrometry

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Nous avons appliqué la méthode de double concentration, dont nous rappelons brièvement le principe, à la détermination précise des constituants majeurs et mineurs, soit Fe2O3 MnO, TiO2, CaO, K2O, P2O5, SiO2, Al2,O3, MgO et Na2O, dans les roches silicatées ou apparentdées. Dans ce cas, la technique de la double mesure permet de corriger pour l'effet interélément avec une précision relative théorique de l'ordre de quelques dixièmes de pour cent et nous avons pu grâce des précautions particuliéres en ce qui concerne la préparation des “perles” vitri‐ fiées et la mesure des intensités nettes, porter la precision pratique à un niveau comparable. Une étude exploratoire alors menée sur quatorze roches étalons (dont sept du Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques de Nancy et sept de l'U.S. Geological Survey à Washington) nous a conduits à des résultats très satisfaisants, en ce sens qu'ils concordent généralement avec les valeurs “recommandées” dans la limite de ±1 pour cent, voire mieux, en valeur relative. Un petit nombre de valeurs recommandées ou proposées, dans le domaine des très faibles concentrations, peuvent même être contestées ou améliorées. Cette méthode simple et directe qui nous dispense d'avoir recours à toute espèce de coefficients d'influence ou de para‐ mètres fondamentaux, ainsi qu'aux machines, est quasi‐absolue. On peut I'employer avec avantage non seulement pour l'analyse des roches et des composés similaires, mais aussi et même avec une précision encore accrue pour l'analyse des minerais en général.

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Minimum flux fusion processing of iron ores for XRF analysis

Feret

1982

X-Ray Spectrometry

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The effects of particles size, sample-to-flux ratio, fusion temperature and fusion period on the speed of lattice decomposition of three different iron ores were tested. Russian Krivoj Rog (hematite), Jugok concentrate (magnetite) and Polish siderite were used for structural investigations. In order to estimate the degree of crystallographic destruction of the material, x-ray diffractometry was used. Contrary to the usual large dilution associated with fusion, experiments with minimum flux contribution were carried out. The heat treatment (fusion) of samples was performed in graphite crucibles. The minimum flux technique was compared with dilution fusion (Pt-Au crucibles) on 32 iron ore standards.

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Critical examination of the borate fusion technique for spectrochemical trace analysis of geological materials using the d.c. arc

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Geoanalysis using plasma spectrochemistry ? milestones and future prospects

Geoanalysis using plasma spectrochemistry ? milestones and future prospects

Analyse des Roches par une Méthode de Fluorescence X comportant une Correction Précise pour l′Effect interélément

Minimum flux fusion processing of iron ores for XRF analysis

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