Critical Heat Flux (CHF) Correlations for Subcooled Water Flow Boiling at High Pressure and High Heat Flux

Liu, Ping; Guo, Y J; Ding, W.L.; Tang, Mengqi; Song, Yuntao; Peng, Xuebing; Ji, Jiadong; Chen, Qinghua; Mao, Xin

doi:10.1007/s11630-021-1394-7

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Here, SSE (error sum of squares) is the sum of squares of the difference between the values that are not explained by the regression model and the values predicted by the regression model; SSR (regression sum of squares) is the sum of squares of the mean differences between the values predicted by the regression model and the observations; and SST (total sum of squares) is the total variation or the sum of SSE and SSR. SST, SSR and SSE can be obtained from (15), (16), and (17), respectively [34][35][36].…”

Section: Assessment Of Existing Ofi Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the ITER operation is considering the safety margin of 1.4, it was mentioned that the plasma facing components can withstand the ultra-high heat flux of up to 20 MW m −2 loaded on the divertor vertical target under the current cooling system conditions. P. Liu et al [16] collected 1356 CHF data from 15 literatures in order to find the CHF correlation that shows the highest accuracy in the tokamak cooling system condition where the ultra-high heat flux is loaded under high pressure condition. Based on this, the prediction performance of 10 representative CHF correlations was evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental study of thermal limits with one-side heated smooth channel for plasma facing component safety

Lim

Park

2021

Eng. Res. Express

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In order to stably operate the equipment inside the tokamak, which is loaded with a heat flux of several MW/m2 under the one-side heating condition, it is necessary to thoroughly prepare for various thermal engineering limits that may occur under the high heat flux load condition. In this study, we have experimentally explored critical heat flux (CHF) and onset of flow instability (OFI), which are considered potential threats in a DEMO fusion power plant. Specifically, the effect of system parameters on CHF was investigated. The results indicate that with an increase in subcooling and mass flux, the CHF increased, as it induced a faster bubble condensation near the CHF. As the system pressure increased, the CHF also increased. This is because the bubble size reduction effect was dominant in the pressure range of 1–10 bar. Most of the existing CHF correlations could evaluate the CHF with reasonable accuracy of within 25%; especially, the Boscary CHF correlation yielded the highest accuracy with an average error of 12%. Similar to CHF, OFI, which is a measure of the sudden fluctuations in the system pressure caused by a large amount of vapor generated due to the high heat flux, tended to increase as the subcooling, mass flow rate, and system pressure increased. Most of the existing OFI correlations yielded large error rates (more than 135%) as these correlations were primarily developed for micro-channels. Therefore, in this study, a new OFI correlation was developed using a Python code, in combination with an artificial intelligence (AI) regression method. The developed correlation can be used in the cooling system design of tokamaks, which involve a high-heat load condition on one-side of the reactor.

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Section: Assessment Of Existing Ofi Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of thermal limits with one-side heated smooth channel for plasma facing component safety

Lim

Park

2021

Eng. Res. Express

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With the advancement of science and technology, there is an urgent need to address high heat flux issues in electronic components [1][2][3][4], necessitating innovative cooling methods. Microchannel cooling technology provides an efficient heat dissipation solution for these compact, high-heat-flux components [5][6][7][8][9]. In the field of photovoltaic power generation, concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) cells operate typically under 500-1000 times concentration, resulting in extremely high heat flux densities and demanding heat dissipation requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Modeling for Microchannel Flow Boiling Heat Transfer under the Dual Effect of Gravity and Surface Modification

Wu,

Zhou,

Wang

et al. 2024

Processes

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This paper investigates the heat transfer performance of flow boiling in microchannels under the dual effect of gravity and surface modification through both experimental studies and mechanistic analysis. Utilizing a test bench with microchannels featuring surfaces of varying wettability levels and adjustable flow directions, multiple experiments on R134-a flow boiling heat transfer under the effects of gravity and surface modification were conducted, resulting in 1220 sets of experimental data. The mass flux ranged from 735 kg/m2s to 1271 kg/m2s, and the heating heat flux density ranged from 9 × 103 W/m2 to 46 × 103 W/m2. The experimental results revealed the differences in the influence of different gravity and surface modification conditions on heat transfer performance. It was found that the heat transfer performance of super-hydrophilic surfaces in horizontal flow is optimal and more stable heat transfer performance is observed when gravity is aligned with the flow direction. And the impact of gravity and surface modification on heat transfer has been explained through mechanistic analysis. Therefore, two new dimensionless numbers, Fa and Conew, were introduced to characterize the dual effects of gravity and surface modification on heat transfer. A new heat transfer model was developed based on these effects, and the prediction error of the heat transfer coefficient was reduced by 12–15% compared to existing models, significantly improving the prediction accuracy and expanding its application scope. The applicability and accuracy of the new model were also validated with other experimental data.

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Application of nanofluids—energy storage and efficiency improvement

Krishnan

Sharifpur

Rashidi

et al. 2023

Nanofluid Applications for Advanced Thermal Solutions

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Critical Heat Flux (CHF) Correlations for Subcooled Water Flow Boiling at High Pressure and High Heat Flux

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Experimental study of thermal limits with one-side heated smooth channel for plasma facing component safety

Experimental study of thermal limits with one-side heated smooth channel for plasma facing component safety

Predictive Modeling for Microchannel Flow Boiling Heat Transfer under the Dual Effect of Gravity and Surface Modification

Application of nanofluids—energy storage and efficiency improvement

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