Critical inter-particle distance dependence and super-toughness in poly(butylene terephthalate)/grafted poly(ethylene-octene) copolymer blends by means of polyarylate addition

On Toughness and Stiffness of Poly(butylene terephthalate) with Epoxide‐Containing Elastomer by Reactive Extrusion

“…By adding the epoxy monomer to PBT/E-MA-GMA blends, finer particle dispersion relative to those blends without epoxy is observed at all E-MA-GMA levels, whose mean particle sizes are 119, 322 and 343 nm, respectively, for 10, 20, and 30 wt.-% elastomer (Figure 4b). Figure 5 shows the Young's modulus of the PBT blends (with and without epoxy monomer), like many other rubber-polymer systems, [3,9,14,15,22,23] decreases rapidly with E-MA-GMA content. However, the addition of 0.2 phr of epoxy monomer increases the Young's modulus of the PBT blends at all elastomer wt.-% owing to its chain extension effect on PBT.…”

“…But high notch sensitivity and inadequate impact strength or energy of PBT, particularly at low temperatures, has restricted their wider usage. An effective method to modify and increase the impact strength or energy of PBTis to blend it with elastomers, e.g., maleated styrene-ethylene/ butylene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS-g-MA) or ethylene-propylene binary elastomer, [1] maleated poly(ethyleneoctene) copolymer (POE-g-MA), [2,3] butadiene-co-acrylonitrile elastomer, [4] epoxidized ethylene-propylene-diene monomer ternary elastomer, [5] oxazoline intermediates, [6] styrene-acrylonitrile/acrylate core-shell elastomer, [7] isocyanate-containing ethylene-propylene binary elastomer, [8] methyl methacrylate/ethyl acrylate/glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (MMA-EA-GMA), [9,10] and ethene/methyl acrylate/glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (E-MA-GMA). [11] Despite the immiscible and incompatible nature of PBT with these elastomers, the ability of the carboxyl and/or hydroxyl end groups of PBT to react with the elastomer reactivegroupsproved to be a major advantage in these blends forming elastomer-co-PBT copolymers in situ during melt extrusion.…”

“…[11] Despite the immiscible and incompatible nature of PBT with these elastomers, the ability of the carboxyl and/or hydroxyl end groups of PBT to react with the elastomer reactivegroupsproved to be a major advantage in these blends forming elastomer-co-PBT copolymers in situ during melt extrusion. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] In addition to the above-mentioned advantages, these elastomers also serve as compatibilizers in PBT/polyolefin blends, which lower the interfacial tension between PBT matrix and elastomer and suppress the tendency of coalescence, ultimately improving the dispersion of elastomer Summary: To obtain a balance between toughness (as measured by notched impact strength) and elastic stiffness of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), a small amount of tetrafunctional epoxy monomer was incorporated into PBT/ [ethylene/methyl acrylate/glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (E-MA-GMA)] blends during the reactive extrusion process. The effectiveness of toughening by E-MA-GMA and the effect of the epoxy monomer were investigated.…”

Poly(butylene terephthalate) Toughening with Butadiene-Epoxy-Functionalized Methyl Methacrylate Core–Shell Copolymer

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] However, simple blending of PBT with other components usually cannot produce satisfactory properties because of the unfavorable interaction between molecular segments of the components which is responsible for their immiscibility or poor interfacial adhesion. Therefore, reactive compatibilization is very often used to obtain a blend with the desirable properties.…”

Preparation of core-shell structured polyacrylic modifiers and effects of the core-shell weight ratio on toughening of poly(butylene terephthalate)

“…Hence, PBT toughening raises great interests of researchers in recent years. In order to overcome this drawback, elastomeric particles have been utilized to toughen PBT resulting in blends with high toughness; however the domain sizes of the rubbers are hard to be controlled for their process-dependence [5,8,9] . The role of the elastomeric particles in the matrix depends on the stress state in the blend.…”