Critical parameters of nylon and other fibres for spalling protection of high strength concrete in fire

Heo, Young-Sun; Sanjayan, Jay; Han, Cheong Goo; Han, Min Cheol

doi:10.1617/s11527-010-9651-3

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…More recently, the use of fibres made out of alternative materials (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, nylon, jute) has been considered, although their effectiveness has yet to be convincingly demonstrated [28].…”

Section: Polypropylene Fibresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of polypropylene fibre type and dose on the propensity for heat-induced concrete spalling

Maluk

Bisby

Terrasi

2017

Engineering Structures

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The term high-performance concrete (HPC) is typically used to describe concrete mixes with high workability, strength, and/or durability. While HPC outperforms normal strength concrete in nearly all performance criteria, it also displays a higher propensity for heatinduced concrete spalling when exposed to severe heating or fire. Such spalling presents a serious concern in the context of the historical approach to fire safe design of concrete structures, where structural engineers typically rely on concrete's inherent fire safety characteristics (e.g. non-combustibility, non-flammability, high thermal inertia). It has been widely shown that the inclusion of polypropylene (PP) fibres in concrete mixes reduces the propensity for heat-induced concrete spalling, although considerable disagreement exists around the mechanisms behind the fibres' effectiveness. This paper presents an experimental study on the effects of PP fibre type and dose on the propensity for heat-induced spalling of concrete. A novel testing method and apparatus, the Heat-Transfer Rate Inducing System (H-TRIS) is used to test medium-scale concrete specimens under simulated standard fire exposures. Results show (1) that although the dose of PP fibres (mass of PP per m 3 of fresh concrete) is currently the sole parameter prescribed by available design guidelines, both the PP fibre cross-section and individual fibre length may have considerable influences on the effectiveness of PP fibres at reducing the propensity for heat-induced concrete spalling; and (2) that current guidance for spalling mitigation with PP fibres is insufficient to prevent spalling for the HPC mixes tested.

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Section: Polypropylene Fibresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of polypropylene fibre type and dose on the propensity for heat-induced concrete spalling

Maluk

Bisby

Terrasi

2017

Engineering Structures

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“…As the PP is distributed in concrete randomly, the pores left by melting connect the existing microcracks and capillary pores, providing channels for the escaping of water vapor. This is shown more obviously in the HSC as water vapor is more difficult to escape in a denser matrix …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is shown more obviously in the HSC as water vapor is more difficult to escape in a denser matrix. 46…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexural behavior of fiber and nanoparticle reinforced concrete at high temperatures

2018

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Summary In this study, the flexural tests were conducted to investigate the effects of temperature, steel fiber, nano‐SiO2, and nano‐CaCO3 on flexural behavior of concrete at high temperatures. The load‐deflection curves of fiber and nanoparticle reinforced concrete (FNRC) were measured both at room and high temperatures. Test results show that the load‐deflection curves become flatter, and the flexural strength, peak deflection, and energy absorption capacity decrease seriously with the increase of temperature. Both steel fiber and nanoparticles could significantly improve the flexural behavior of the concrete at room and high temperatures. The energy absorption capacity of FNRC before the peak point increases with the increase of steel fiber volume fraction. The improvement of nano‐SiO2 on flexural strength of FNRC at high temperature is better than that at room temperature, but the enhancement on energy absorption capacity is reverse. Nano‐SiO2 is more effective than nano‐CaCO3 in improving flexural behavior of concrete both at room and high temperatures.

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“…Dopko et al [ 5 ] had a similar observation, indicating that PP macrofiber additions above 1.0% fiber volume greatly reduce the workability of FRC. In a comparison between PP and nylon fibers (used with a similar dosage in concrete), it was reported by Heo et al [ 107 ] that the addition of PP fibers has a notable effect on the workability of FRC. The cited study also reported that using long PP fibers can further decrease the workability.…”

Section: Workabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When exposed to extreme temperatures, ordinary concrete undergoes severe damage; however, experiments have shown that when nylon fibers are incorporated into a concrete mixture, they can reduce the damage and prevent spalling. Additionally, increasing the fiber content leads to an improved protection for FRC against fire and extremely high temperatures [ 107 , 182 ].…”

Section: Extreme Temperature Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-Art Review of Capabilities and Limitations of Polymer and Glass Fibers Used for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete

et al. 2021

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The concrete industry has long been adding discrete fibers to cementitious materials to compensate for their (relatively) low tensile strengths and control possible cracks. Extensive past studies have identified effective strategies to mix and utilize the discrete fibers, but as the fiber material properties advance, so do the properties of the cementitious composites made with them. Thus, it is critical to have a state-of-the-art understanding of not only the effects of individual fiber types on various properties of concrete, but also how those properties are influenced by changing the fiber type. For this purpose, the current study provides a detailed review of the relevant literature pertaining to different fiber types considered for fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) applications with a focus on their capabilities, limitations, common uses, and most recent advances. To achieve this goal, the main fiber properties that are influential on the characteristics of cementitious composites in the fresh and hardened states are first investigated. The study is then extended to the stability of the identified fibers in alkaline environments and how they bond with cementitious matrices. The effects of fiber type on the workability, pre- and post-peak mechanical properties, shrinkage, and extreme temperature resistance of the FRC are explored as well. In offering holistic comparisons, the outcome of this study provides a comprehensive guide to properly choose and utilize the benefits of fibers in concrete, facilitating an informed design of various FRC products.

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Critical parameters of nylon and other fibres for spalling protection of high strength concrete in fire

Cited by 41 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of polypropylene fibre type and dose on the propensity for heat-induced concrete spalling

Effects of polypropylene fibre type and dose on the propensity for heat-induced concrete spalling

Flexural behavior of fiber and nanoparticle reinforced concrete at high temperatures

State-of-the-Art Review of Capabilities and Limitations of Polymer and Glass Fibers Used for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete

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