Critical periods for weed control in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Abstract

Weed removal experiments in dry edible beans were conducted during 1992 and 1993 at Crookston and Staples, MN. Ten manual weed removal treatments were studied to determine when a natural infestation of weeds first reduced dry bean yield, and when weed removal could be discontinued without further loss of seed yield. Major weeds in order of average biomass production on weedy check plots at dry bean harvest over locations and years were wild mustard, foxtail spp., redroot pigweed, common ragweed, wild buckwheat, hairy nightshade, and common lambsquarters. Hairy nightshade also emerged late in the growing season and could negatively affect harvest efficiency and stain navy beans. Weed removal treatments had little effect on dry bean stands or 100-seed weights of harvested dry bean seed. The critical period for weed control in dry beans was 3 to 5 or 6 weeks after planting (WAP). Thus, weed control practices should begin no later than 3 WAP and continue until at least 5 or 6 WAP for maximum dry bean yields.

Interference of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) in green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)

“…(2006), who studied the interference of weeds with soybean. It also has been reported that, with an increase of 100 g m −2 of weed biomass, the bean yield decreased by 1.4 kg ha −1 (Burnside et al . 1998).…”

“…Green bean is a poor competitive plant and its weed control heavily relies on herbicides in Iran (Majnoun Hosseini 2006). The limited use of herbicides, due to their adverse effects on the sustainability of agricultural ecosystems in recent decades, has been advocated (Burnside et al . 1998).…”

“…This means that late‐emerging weeds might not reduce crop yields. The time interval between early and late emergence is the CPWC (Burnside et al . 1998; Miri & Ghadiri 2006).…”

“…In cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.), the period is <65 DAP (Bryson 1990) and for safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.), it is up to flowering (Miri & Ghadiri 2006). The period for dry bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is 3–5 or 6 weeks after sowing (Burnside et al . 1998).…”

Critical period of weed control in transplanted chilli pepper

“…Shaw (1982) stated that the objectives of IWM include the reduction of crop losses resulting from weeds, costs of weed control, labour requirements and tillage. Frequent cultivation and hand hoeing are required to produce the chilli pepper crop, indicating that the critical period concept is useful for IWM in stabilizing the number of cultivations or using pre-emergence herbicides with enough soil residual activity to control weeds during the critical period of weed control (Burnside et al, 1998). The critical period of weed control concept has been evaluated on traditional cultivars under a conventional tillage system such as mouldboard ploughing (Van Acker et al, 1993;Wilson, 1993).…”