“…Several qualitative studies, discussed in the Literature Review, have also shown a positive relationship between these two constructs (e.g., Milner & Woolfolk Hoy, 2003;Stallions, Murrill, and Earp, 2012;Runhaar et al, 2010;Thoonen et al, 2011;Woerkom, Nijhof, & Nieuwenhuis, 2002;Yeh, 2006). The small effect size of their correlation in our study can be explained in terms of Wheatley's (2002) argument that adopting a reflective approach to teaching and therefore questioning one's own teaching approach and style entails a healthy dose of efficacy doubt, as low perceived efficacy can encourage teachers to reflect on and improve their teaching.…”