Critical Review of Pd-Based Catalytic Treatment of Priority Contaminants in Water

Chaplin, Brian P.; Reinhard, Martin; Schneider, William F.; Schüth, Christoph; Shapley, John R.; Strathmann, Timothy J.; Werth, Charles J.

doi:10.1021/es204087q

Cited by 400 publications

(336 citation statements)

References 200 publications

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“…Palladium catalysts have been proven to have the unique property of activating H 2 and catalyzing the electrochemical reduction of H + or H 2 O to produce adsorbed atomic H*, which is a much stronger reducing agent than H 2 in catalytic reduction reactions [16]. Some studies found that coupling two metals with different oxidizing abilities could enhance the generation of electrons [17], and some chemical reactions were reported to show better activity and selectivity when using bimetallic and trimetallic catalysts compared with monometallic Pd catalysts [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reductive dechlorination of trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) by electrochemical process over Pd-In/Al2O3 catalyst

Liu

Mao

Yating

et al. 2017

Electrochimica Acta

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A B S T R A C TElectrochemical reduction treatment was found to be a promising method for dechlorination of Trichloroacetic acid (TCAA), and acceleration of electron transfer or enhancement of the concentration of atomic H* significantly improve the electrochemical dechlorination process. Bimetallic Pd-based catalysts have the unique property of simultaneously catalyzing the production of atomic H* and reducing target pollutants. Herein, a bimetallic Pd-In electrocatalyst with atomic ratio of 1:1 was evenly deposited on an Al 2 O 3 substrate, and the bimetallic Pd-In structure was confirmed via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Electrochemical removal of trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) by the PdIn/Al 2 O 3 catalyst was performed in a three-dimensional reactor. 94% of TCAA with the initial concentration of 500 mg L À1 could be degraded within 30 min under a relatively low current density (0.9 mA cm À2 ). In contrast to the presence of refractory intermediates (dichloroacetic acid (DCAA)) found in the Pd/Al 2 O 3 system, TCAA could be thoroughly reduced to monochloroacetic acid (MCAA) using Pd-In/ Al 2 O 3 catalysts. According to scavenger experiments, an electron transfer process and atomic H* formation function both existed in the TCAA reduction process, and the enhanced indirect atomic H* reduction process (confirmed by ESR signals) played a chief role in the TCAA removal. Moreover, the synergistic effects of Pd and In were proven to be able to enhance both direct electron transfer and indirect atomic H* formation, indicating a promising prospect for bimetallic electrochemical reduction treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reductive dechlorination of trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) by electrochemical process over Pd-In/Al2O3 catalyst

Liu

Mao

Yating

et al. 2017

Electrochimica Acta

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“…Expectedly, a significant inhibition of NFZ reduction was observed at the Pd-Ni foam in the presence of t-BuOH (Figure 4c). Pd is well-known to have the unique property of activating protons to atomic H* and subsequently adsorbing atomic H* [48,49]. Therefore, the reduction of NFZ at the Pd-Ni foam mainly proceeded via H* mediation.…”

Section: Scheme 1 Transformation Pathway Of Degradation Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-modified nickel foam electrode for cathodic degradation of nitrofuranzone: Kinetics, transformation products and toxicity

Tang

Yin

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Sci. Eng.

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“…Palladium (Pd)-based catalysis has been considered as a promising water treatment strategy, as Pd has exceptional capability in providing atomic H and can catalyze the reductive transformation of a number of priority contaminants (e.g., chlorinated compounds, oxyanions and aromatics) (Hosseinkhani et al, 2013;And and Reinhard, 1999;Chaplin et al, 2012;Cortese and Heck, 1977;Davie et al, 2006). A variety of chemical and physical procedures could be used for the synthesis of Pd nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palladized cells as suspension catalyst and electrochemical catalyst for reductively degrading aromatics contaminants: Roles of Pd size and distribution

et al. 2017

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a b s t r a c tThe palladized cell (Pd-cell) could be used as an efficient catalyst in catalyzing the degradations of a wide variety of environmental contaminants. Nevertheless, when the Pd NPs associate with the bacteria, the catalytic activity likely significantly affected by the biomass. Quantitative indicators that characterize of Pd-cell are necessary and little attention has been paid to investigate how the catalytic efficiency of Pdcell is affected by the size and distribution of Pd NPs. To fill this gap, we explored the roles of the abovementioned key factors on the performance of Pd-cell in catalyzing the degradations of two aromatic contaminants (nitrobenzene and p-chlorophenol) in two commonly used scenarios: (1) using Pd-cell as suspended catalyst in solution and (2) using Pd-cell as electrocatalyst directly coated on electrode. In scenario (1), the relationship of exposing area to Pd particle size and distribution factors was established. Based on theoretical estimation and catalytic performance analysis, the results indicated that adjusting the exposing area to a large value (9.3 ± 0.1 Â 10 5 nm 2 mg À1 Pd) was extremely effective for improving the catalytic activity of Pd-cell used as a suspension catalyst. In scenario (2), our results showed that the best electrocatalytic performances were achieved on the electrode decorated with Pd-cells with the largest NP size (54.3 ± 16.4 nm), which exerted maximum electrochemical active surface area (10.6 m 2 g À1 ) as well as favorable conductivity. The coverage of deposited Pd NPs (>95%) on the cell surface played a crucial role in boosting the conductivity of biocatalyst, thus determining the possibility of Pd-cell as an efficient electrocatalyst. The findings of this study provide a guidance for the synthesis and application of Pd-cell, which enables the design of Pd-cell to be suitable for different catalysis systems with high catalytic performance.

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Critical Review of Pd-Based Catalytic Treatment of Priority Contaminants in Water

Cited by 400 publications

References 200 publications

Reductive dechlorination of trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) by electrochemical process over Pd-In/Al2O3 catalyst

Reductive dechlorination of trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) by electrochemical process over Pd-In/Al2O3 catalyst

Graphene-modified nickel foam electrode for cathodic degradation of nitrofuranzone: Kinetics, transformation products and toxicity

Palladized cells as suspension catalyst and electrochemical catalyst for reductively degrading aromatics contaminants: Roles of Pd size and distribution

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