Critical Review of the Inclusion Rating by JIS-G-0555 Method and New Inclusion Rating Based on Statistics of Extreme and Its Applications

Murakami, Yukitaka; Toriyama, Toshiyuki

doi:10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.79.12_1380

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Currently the usage of the term aging is more limited: in steel, mostly to strain aging while other of inclusions and bainite islands in superclean EB remelted bearing steel. For details about the measuring technique see [41] and appendix A to Ref [33]. Adapted from [40].…”

Section: Smaller Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second phases in steel: a review of the concept, origin, and their relevance for properties

Silva¹

2022

Tecnol. Metal. Mater. Min.

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Steels are multiphase alloys with an increasingly complex constitution. This complexity of steel microstructures has been recognized since the birth of steel physical metallurgy. Non-metallic inclusions have also been very early recognized as relevant to the understanding of steel behavior. With the advances in precipitation hardening and grain size control, many precipitate phases gained importance in steel design. Around 1950-70 the term "second phases" was coined as an all-encompassing definition that would cover non-metallic inclusions as well as fine precipitates such as nitrides and carbonitrides even in steels that already had a multi-phase constitution. While this classification may be practical in some cases, we argue that it hinders the proper understanding of the origin and effects of particles in steel and unduly complicates the understanding of the phenomena in which they take part. In this work, we briefly review the origin of the second phase particle concept and discuss the critical properties of particles with respect to their influence on steel behavior. Through several examples, we propose that size and volume fraction are the main variables in evaluating how particles affect steels. While chemical composition is key to understanding the origin of the particles, we suggest that these variables are, together with interface properties, the most relevant to understand the effect of particles on steel behavior.

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Section: Smaller Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second phases in steel: a review of the concept, origin, and their relevance for properties

Silva¹

2022

Tecnol. Metal. Mater. Min.

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“…To achieve superior fatigue resistance bearing for gear or drive shaft application of automation transmissions, a few early researchers developed a high-purity steel which has small amount impurities and can increase contact fatigue resistance because of restrain of formation of nonmetallic inclusions [1][2][3]. Recently, there have been many researchers to develop high alloy steels that have excellent fatigue resistance by addition of Cr, Mn, and Mo, which are hardenability strengthening elements [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Influence of Aluminum Content on Inclusion Characteristic and Fatigue Life of Bearing Steel Using Statistics of Extreme Values

Hsu

Chung

2014

AMR

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In this study, we predicted the maximum nonmetallic inclusion size of bearing steel using statistics of extreme values (SEV) approach, and discussed that the influence of aluminum content on the nonmetallic inclusion characteristic and fatigue life of bearing steel. The inclusion size and type was measured and identified by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) respectively. The result shows that most inclusions in steels are oxysulfide and alumina cluster. A tendency was also found that the alumina size increases with increasing aluminum content, but the oxysulfide size almost remains unchanged. Furthermore, alumina clusters were formed in steel if more deoxidizer aluminum was added to the molten steel during metallurgical process. In addition, the fatigue life of steel is inversely proportional to alumina size, but it seems independent of oxysulfide size. Therefore, this study suggests that the dominant factor of influence on the fatigue life of bearing steel is alumina instead of oxysulfide. The results reported here would be beneficial to steel manufacturers attempting to improve the fatigue resistance of bearing steels.

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Method of evaluation of distribution characteristics of flaky inclusions*

et al. 2011

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In order to evaluate the maximum size of the flaky inclusions in a Si-added noncombustible Mg casting alloy, we propose a method for evaluation of distribution characteristics of flaky inclusions. The validity of this method is verified through simulations with arbitrary inclusion distributions. The proposed method enables prediction of the maximum size of the flaky inclusions in an arbitrary volume of material.

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Critical Review of the Inclusion Rating by JIS-G-0555 Method and New Inclusion Rating Based on Statistics of Extreme and Its Applications

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

Second phases in steel: a review of the concept, origin, and their relevance for properties

Second phases in steel: a review of the concept, origin, and their relevance for properties

Analysis of Influence of Aluminum Content on Inclusion Characteristic and Fatigue Life of Bearing Steel Using Statistics of Extreme Values

Method of evaluation of distribution characteristics of flaky inclusions*

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