Critical review on biosurfactant analysis, purification and characterization using rhamnolipid as a model biosurfactant

Statistical Design, a Powerful Tool for Optimizing Biosurfactant Production: A Review

“…Once the secondary metabolite has been produced, the need for high purity of the tenso-active agent will depend on the application intended [52]. Recovery and purification has been shown to greatly increase production costs, especially in the case of proteins, and Bs are no exception [5]. Traditional strategies for Bs recovery and purification include precipitation with acids, salts, or organic solvents which are toxic and cause air pollution.…”

“…Even though Bs have shown great potential for widespread use, production and commercialization on an industrial scale has not been fully achieved [5]. Production is difficult because of the high costs…”

“…These secondary metabolites reduce surface and interfacial tension and form micro emulsions solubilizing hydrocarbons in aqueous media, presenting lubricating, wetting, softening, stabilizing, and foaming activities [4,5]. Although they present similar properties to synthetic surfactants they are generally less toxic (with the exception of those presenting antibiotic activity), stable under extreme conditions, they are also biodegradable, and thus, are environmentally friendly [6,7].…”

Using Corn Husk Powder as a Novel Substrate to Produce a Surface Active Compound from Labrenzia aggregate KP‐5

“…Surface active compounds (SAC) are amphiphilic molecules produced from a variety of microorganisms that contain hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts. These compounds are divided into low molecular weight, also termed biosurfactants, and high molecular weight or bioemulsifiers (Satpute, Banat, Dhakephalkar, Banpurkar, & Chopade, ; Sharma, Oberoi, Sharma, & Oberoi, ; Varjani & Upasani, ). The former generally consist of glycolipids and lipopeptides, which decrease the interfacial tensions of the liquid into which they are added.…”

“…The former generally consist of glycolipids and lipopeptides, which decrease the interfacial tensions of the liquid into which they are added. The latter include emulsan, alasan, biodispersan, and extracellular or cell membrane‐bound bioemulsifiers (such as exopolysaccharides [EPS] usually more efficient in stabilizing oil‐in‐water emulsions; Santos, Rufino, Luna, Santos, & Sarubbo, ; Sharma, Oberoi, et al, ; Varjani & Upasani, ). A variety of microorganisms produce low‐molecular‐weight SAC (Ron & Rosenberg, ); the best investigated among them are surfactin from Bacillus sp.…”