Critical roles of functional molecule metabolites

Metabolomics for Clinical Biomarker Discovery and Therapeutic Target Identification

“…High-throughput metabolomics can rapidly develop and identify small metabolites and molecular mechanisms to improve disease diagnosis and treatment and reveal disease etiology and treatment targets. Recently, it has been a pivotal tool for understanding the relationship between phenotypic conditions and biochemical processes and has emerged as an effective approach for the holistic analysis of small metabolites in biological systems [3][4][5]. Its most common application, coupled with mass spectrometry, statistical, bioinformatics, and algorithm tools, is used for screening of disease-specific diagnosis biomarkers, specifically elucidating the composition and biological effects of drugs [6][7][8].…”

“…Molecules 2024, 29, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 24 systems [3][4][5]. Its most common application, coupled with mass spectrometry, statistical, bioinformatics, and algorithm tools, is used for screening of disease-specific diagnosis biomarkers, specifically elucidating the composition and biological effects of drugs [6][7][8].…”

“…The flowchart of typical metabolomics analysis includes experimental design, sample collection, and data analysis stages, as shown in Figure 2. systems [3][4][5]. Its most common application, coupled with mass spectrometry, statistical, bioinformatics, and algorithm tools, is used for screening of disease-specific diagnosis biomarkers, specifically elucidating the composition and biological effects of drugs [6][7][8].…”

Harnessing Small-Molecule Analyte Detection in Complex Media: Combining Molecularly Imprinted Polymers, Electrolytic Transistors, and Machine Learning

“…Their precise detection and quantification are essential for biomedical research and personalized medicine, especially for the early detection of diseases. 7,8 Because of their presence in complex media, such as environmental samples and physiological fluids, and frequently at low concentrations (micro-and nanomolar range), the detection and quantification of small molecules are extremely challenging. Commonly employed approaches for their highly sensitive detection are immunoassays, spectroscopic methods, and chromatography, which are unfortunately complex, laborious, and expensive.…”

“…Detecting small-molecule analytes is pivotal in various fields of science and technology, including quality control of food and beverages, environmental monitoring, and clinical diagnostics. − These analytes are low-molecular-weight compounds (typically <1 kDa), displaying a wide range of chemical structures, which serve as food additives, drugs and pharmaceutical products, pesticides, pollutants, toxins, metabolites, etc. , Small molecules are also important biomarkers of various diseases and can be found in physiological fluids such as urine, blood, and saliva. Their precise detection and quantification are essential for biomedical research and personalized medicine, especially for the early detection of diseases. , …”